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the TITANS & early Greek Mythology

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Crystal Thielkien
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« Reply #105 on: November 11, 2008, 01:23:36 pm »

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http://theoi.com/Ouranos/Ouranos.html
OURANOS

Greek: OuranoV Transliteration: Ouranos Translation: Sky / Heaven
Other Names: AkmonideV Transliteration: Akmonides Translation: Son of Akmon (the Untiring / Anvil)
Latin Spelling: Uranus
Acmonides Roman Name: Caelum

OURANOS was the solid dome of the sky and one of the ancient element gods called PROTOGENOI. He was the first ruler of the universe but was castrated and deposed by his son Kronos.

Parents

(1) GAIA (no father) (Theogony 126, Dionysiaca 27.50)
(2) AITHER & GAIA (Titanomachia Frag 2)
(3) AKMON (Alcman Frag 61, Callimachus Frag 498)
(4) AITHER & HEMERA (Hyginus Pref, De Natura Deorum 3.17)

Offspring

(1) THE TITANES (OKEANOS, KOIOS, KRIOS, HYPERION, IAPETOS, KRONOS), THE TITANIDES (THEIA, RHEIA, THEMIS, MNEMOSYNE, TETHYS (by Gaia) (Theogony 135f, Apollodorus 1.2, Diodorus Siculus 5.66.1)
(2) DIONE (by Gaia) (Apollodorus 1.2)
(3) THE KYKLOPES, THE HEKATONKHEIRES (by Gaia) (Theogony 135f, Titanomachia Frag 1, Apollodorus 1.2)
(4) THE ERINYES, THE GIGANTES, THE MELIAI (born at his castration to Gaia) (Theogony 184)
(5) THE ERINYES, THE GIGANTES (born at his castration to Gaia) (Apollodorus 1.3, 1.34)
(6) THE PHAIAKAI (Phaeacian Race of Men) (born at his castration to Gaia) (Alcaeus Frag 441)
(7) THE ERINYES, THE TELKHINES (born of his castration) (Tzetzes on Theogony)
(Cool APHRODITE (born from his members cast into the sea) (Theogony 188f, Apuleius

"May the great wide bronze sky (ouranos) fall upon me from above, the fear of earth-born men.” –Theognis 1.869

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« Reply #106 on: November 11, 2008, 01:23:50 pm »

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http://theoi.com/Ouranos/Ourea.html
THE OUREA

Greek Singular:
Greek Plural: OuroV OroV
Ourea Transliteration: Ouros / Oros
Ourea Translation: Mountains
Roman Name: Numina Montanum Translation: Mountain-Gods

THE OUREA were the Mountains, gods numbered amongst the PROTOGENOI - the first born elemental gods. Each and every Mountain was said to have its own ancient bearded god.

Parents

GAIA (no father) (Theogony 129)

Names

The Boiotian KITHAIRON & HELIKON, the Phrygian TMOLOS & OLYMPOS, the Sikelian AITNA
(Very few Mountains were personified in myth)

"And she [Gaia] brought forth long Ourea (Mountains), graceful haunts of the goddess Nymphai who dwell amongst the glens of the mountains." -Theogony 129-131

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« Reply #107 on: November 11, 2008, 01:24:06 pm »

http://theoi.com/Khaos/Phanes.html
PHANES

Greek: FanhV Transliteration: Phanês Translation: Time
Other Names: ErwV
PrwtogonoV
HrikepaioV
PrihpoV
Antaugh Transliteration: Erôs
Prôtogonos
Êrikepaios
Priêpos
Antaugê Translation: Love / Desire
First-Born
.
.
.

PHANES was the PROTOGENOS (primeval god) of procreation and the generation of new life, the driving force behind reproduction in the early universe. He was hatched from the world egg when it was split into its constituent parts by the ancient gods Khronos (Time) and Ananke (Inevitability).

He was equated with the ancient, first-born god EROS, who served the same function in the Theogony of Hesiod.

Phanes was the first king of the universe who passed his sceptre of kingship to Nyx, his only child, who in turn gave it to her son Ouranos. It was taken from Ouranos forcibly by his son Kronos, who in turn lost it to Zeus, the final ruler of the universe. It was said that Zeus devoured Phanes whole in order to assume his primal power over all creation and redistribute it among a new generation of gods - the Olympians.

Phanes appeared as a beautiful golden winged deity but was incorporeal by nature and invisible even to the gods.

Parents

KHRONOS & ANANKE hatched him from the World Egg (Orphic Rhapsodies 66, Orphic Argonautica 12, Orphic Frag 54)

Offspring

NYX (Orphic Argonautica 12, Orphic Frag 101)




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« Reply #108 on: November 11, 2008, 01:24:22 pm »

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http://theoi.com/Khaos/Phusis.html
PHUSIS

Greek: FusiV Transliteration: Phusis Physis Translation: Nature
Greek: Prwtogeneia Transliteration: Prôtogeneia Translation: First-Born
Roman Name: Natura

PHUSIS was the PROTOGONOS of nature and one of the very first beings to emerge at the beginning of time.

She was sometimes identified with Gaia (Mother Earth).

Parents

None, she emerged at the beginning of time




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« Reply #109 on: November 11, 2008, 01:24:39 pm »

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http://theoi.com/Pontos/Pontos.html
PONTOS

Greek: PontoV Transliteration: Pontos Translation: Sea
Latin Spelling: Pontus

PONTOS was the Sea itself and one of the PROTOGENOI (first born gods). He was the father of all the most ancient of Sea-gods.

Parents

(1) GAIA (no father) (Theogony 130)
(2) AITHER & GAIA (Hyginus Pref)

Offspring

(1) NEREUS, THAUMAS, PHORKYS, KETO, EURYBIA (by Gaia) (Theogony 233, Apollodorus 1.10)
(2) THAUMAS (by Gaia), THE FISH (by Thalassa) (Hyginus Pref)
(3) AIGAION (by Gaia) (Titanomachia 3)
(4) THE TELKHINES (by Gaia) (Bacchylides Frag 52)

"The holy race of the deathless gods who are for ever, those that were born of Gaia (Earth) and starry Ouranos (Heaven) and gloomy Nyx (Night) and them that briny Pontos (Sea) did rear." -Theogony 106-107

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« Reply #110 on: November 11, 2008, 01:24:56 pm »

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http://theoi.com/Tartaros/Tartaros.html
TARTAROS

Greek: TartaroV Transliteration: Tartaros Translation: Hell
Latin Spelling: Tartarus

TARTAROS was the PROTOGENOS (first born god) that personified the great stormy pit beneath the earth where the Titanes were imprisoned. He was probably conceived of as a great solid dome similar to Ouranos (the Sky) but opposite to him and lying instead beneath the earth rather than above it.
The name was often used as a synonym of Haides the underworld.

Parents

NONE (one of the first beings to emerge at creation) (Theogony 116)

Offspring

TYPHOEUS (by Gaia) (Theogony 820, Apollodorus 1.39)

"Verily at the first Khaos (Air) came to be, but next Gaia (Earth) ... and dim Tartaros in the depth of the wide-pathed Earth." -Theogony 116-119


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« Reply #111 on: November 11, 2008, 01:25:12 pm »

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http://theoi.com/Okeanos/Tethys.htm
TETHYS

Greek: ThquV Transliteration: Têthys Translation: Nurse / Grandmother / Aunt
Roman Name: Salacia

TETHYS was the TITANIS goddess of the nursing the young and of the underground flow of fresh water. She was the wife of Okeanos (the great fresh-water river that encircled the earth) and by him the mother of the three thousand Potamoi (Rivers) and Okeanides (Clouds). She was appropriately depicted attending the wedding of Thetis accompanied by Eileithyia, the goddess of childbirth.

Tethys was depicted as a woman usually accompanied (as the mother of so many offspring) by Eileithyia the goddess of childbirth.

Parents

OURANOS & GAIA (Theogony 136, Apollodorus 1.2, Diodorus Siculus 5.66.1)

Offspring

(1) THE OKEANIDES & THE POTAMOI (Theogony 337, Hyginus Preface)
(2) THE POTAMOI (Diodorus Siculus 4.69.1)

"Tethys the lovely" -Theogony 136 & "Lady Tethys" -Theogony 368 & "Lovely-haired Tethys" -Theogony 929

"Tethys bore to Okeanos the swirling Potamoi .. She brought forth also a race apart of daughters." -Theogony 337-346



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« Reply #112 on: November 11, 2008, 01:25:43 pm »

http://theoi.com/Pontos/Thalassa.html
THALASSA

Greek: Qalassa
Qalassh
Qalatth Transliteration: Thalassa
Thalassê
Thalattê Translation: Sea
Roman Name: Mare

THALASSA was the Sea itself and one of the PROTOGENOI (first born gods). She was the female equivalent of Pontos.

Parents

AITHER & HEMERA (Hyginus Pref)

Offspring

(1) AIGAION (Ion of Chios Frag 741)
(2) THE TELKHINES, HALIA (Diodorus Siculus 5.55.1)
(3) APHRODITE (by the severed members of Ouranos) (Dionysiaca 12.43)
(4) THE FISHES (by Pontos) (Hyginus Pref)

"The narcissus, which Gaia made to grow at the will of Zeus ... to be a snare for the bloom-like girl [Persephone] - a marvellous, radiant flower. It was a thing of awe whether for deathless gods or mortal men to see: from its root grew a hundred blooms and it smelled most sweetly, so that wide Ouranos (Heaven) above and Gaia (Earth) and Thalassa's (Sea) salt swell laughed for joy." -Homeric Hymn II To Demeter 5-18
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« Reply #113 on: November 11, 2008, 01:25:56 pm »

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http://theoi.com/Khaos/Thesis.html
THESIS

Greek: QesiV
QetiV Transliteration: Thesis
Thetis Translation: Creation

THESIS was the PROTOGONOS of creation. She was the primeval form of Tethys, the Muddy mixture of elements from which all creation grew.

Parents

NONE, she emerged at the beginning of the universe

Offspring

KHRONOS, ANANKE (by Hydros or Okeanos) (Orphic Fragment 54 & 57)



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« Reply #114 on: November 11, 2008, 01:26:14 pm »

Helios

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A very thorough job, Chronos, save of course that the Protogonoi should have gone before the Titans, but then, I'm certain you already know that. All things aside, I like the order of this thread much better than the original one.
Incidentally, I "saw " your original thread the other day whilst visiting the forum. It now lurks towards the bottom of the list of topics, incapable or being edited or responded to. It seems to have "sunk" to the bottom much in the same way that Atlantis itself has sunk, rearing it's head up only occasionally.

Going away for the weekend, for my part anyway, we shall resume the discussion of Greek mythology when I return...


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« Reply #115 on: November 11, 2008, 01:26:27 pm »

Chronos

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quote:
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According to Hesiod, the word Titan seemed to be means "Strainer", because they strained and performed some presumptuous, fearful deed and the vengeance would come after it.
The exact number of the Titans varied from author to author, and they often included some of the children of the Titans. So there are at least two generations of Titans can be considered.

For a generation, the Titans shared the world, with Cronus as their leader. It was the Titans who created mankind. A number of the male Titans were imprisoned in Tartarus, when they chose to fight a war against the younger gods, known as the Olympians.

According to the Orphic myth, Zeus destroyed the Titans with his thunderbolts, because the Titans had murdered and devoured his son Zagreus (Dionysus). From the smouldering ashes, mankind were created.


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« Reply #116 on: November 11, 2008, 01:26:55 pm »

Chronos

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Hesiod:
Cronus
Oceanus
Hyperion
Iapetus
Crius
Coeus

Rhea
Tethys
Theia
Themis
Phoebe
Mnemo

Apollodorus:

Cronus
Oceanus
Hyperion
Iapetus
Crius
Coeus

Rhea
Tethys
Theia
Themis
Phoebe
Mnemosyne
Dione

Diodorus Siculus:

Cronus
Oceanus
Hyperion
Iapetus
Crius
Coeus

Rhea
Tethys
Themis
Phoebe
Mnemosyne

Orphic:

Cronus
Oceanus
Hyperion
Iapetus
Crius
Caus
Phorcys

Rhea
Tethys
Theia
Themis
Phoebe
Mnemosyne
Dione

Quite a few authors listed Dione among the Titaness, though she was sometimes called an Oceanid.
http://www.timelessmyths.com/classical/titans.html#Titans





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« Reply #117 on: November 11, 2008, 01:27:53 pm »

From Ignatius Donnelly:
THE EMPIRE OF ATLANTIS.


quote:
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The empire of the Titans was clearly the empire of Atlantis.
"We should suppose that
Pluto possibly ruled over the transatlantic possessions of Atlantis in
America, over those "portions of the opposite continent" which Plato
tells us were dominated by Atlas and his posterity, and which, being far
beyond or below sunset, were the "under-world" of the ancients; while
Atlantis, the Canaries, etc., constituted the island division with
Western Africa and Spain. Murray tells us ("Mythology," p. 58) that
Pluto's share of the kingdom was supposed to lie "in the remote west."
The under-world of the dead was simply the world below the western
horizon; "the home of the dead has to do with that far west region where
the sun dies at night." ("Anthropology," p. 350.) "On the coast of
Brittany, where Cape Raz stands out westward into the ocean, there is
'the Bay of Souls,' the launching-place where the departed spirits sail
off across the sea." (Ibid.) In like manner, Odysseus found the land of
the dead in the ocean beyond the Pillars of Hercules. There, indeed, was
the land of the mighty dead, the grave of the drowned Atlanteans.

"However this be," continues F. Pezron, "the empire of the Titans,
according to the ancients, was very extensive; they possessed Phrygia,
Thrace, a part of Greece, the island of Crete, and several other
provinces to the inmost recesses of Spain. To these Sanchoniathon seems
to join Syria; and Diodorus adds a part of Africa, and the kingdoms of
Mauritania." The kingdoms of Mauritania embraced all that north-western
region of Africa nearest to Atlantis in which are the Atlas Mountains,
and in which, in the days of Herodotus, dwelt the Atlantes.

Neptune, or Poseidon, says, in answer to a message from Jupiter,

No vassal god, nor of his train am I.
Three brothers, deities, from Saturn came,
And ancient Rhea, earth's immortal dame;
Assigned by lot our triple rule we know;
Infernal Pluto sways the shades below:
O'er the wide clouds, and o'er the starry plain
Ethereal Jove extends his high domain;
My court beneath the hoary waves I keep,
And hush the roaring of the sacred deep.

Iliad, book xviii.

Homer alludes to Poseidon as

"The god whose liquid arms are hurled
Around the globs, whose earthquakes rock the world."

Mythology tells us that when the Titans were defeated by Saturn they
retreated into the interior of Spain; Jupiter followed them up, and beat
them for the last time near Tartessus, and thus terminated a ten-years'
war. Here we have a real battle on an actual battle-field.

If we needed any further proof that the empire of the Titans was the
empire of Atlantis, we would find it in the names of the Titans: among
these were Oceanus, Saturn or Chronos, and Atlas; they were all the sons
of Uranos. Oceanus was at the base of the Greek mythology. Plato says
("Dialogues," Timæus, vol. ii., p. 533): "Oceanus and Tethys were the
children of Earth and Heaven, and from these sprung Phorcys, and
Chronos, and Rhea, and many more with them; and from Chronos and Rhea
sprung Zeus and Hera, and all those whom we know as their brethren, and
others who were their children." In other words, all their gods came out
of the ocean; they were rulers over some ocean realm; Chronos was the
son of Oceanus, and Chronos was an Atlantean god, and from him the
Atlantic Ocean was called by tho ancients "the Chronian Sea." The elder
Minos was called "the Son of the Ocean:" he first gave civilization to
the Cretans; he engraved his laws on brass, precisely as Plato tells us
the laws of Atlantis were engraved on pillars of brass.


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« Reply #118 on: November 11, 2008, 01:30:40 pm »

 
Chronos

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   posted 08-02-2004 09:12 AM                       
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I would submit that not only could the empire of the Titans also have been that of the Atlanteans, but their war with the Olympians been the war between Atlantis and Athens.
Also, the reason that the the Greeks situate their mythical underworld in the west is because, as Donnelly says, it is "the land of the mighty dead, the grave of the drowned Atlanteans."

Donnelly's book may be dated in some ways, but it is more relevant than ever in many others.

[This message has been edited by Chronos (edited 08-02-2004).]


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« Reply #119 on: November 11, 2008, 01:30:55 pm »

rockessence

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   posted 08-02-2004 10:27 AM                       
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Chronos,
Have you read Ignatius Donnelly's RAGNAROK?
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