April 19, 2024, 01:32:51 am
Welcome,
Guest
. Please
login
or
register
.
1 Hour
1 Day
Forever
Login with username, password and session length
News
: Ice Age blast 'ravaged America'
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6676461.stm
Home
Help
Arcade
Gallery
Links
Staff List
Calendar
Login
Register
Performing Robotic Surgery at NASA's Undersea Lab
Atlantis Online
>
Forum
>
Archaeology & Anthropology
>
Underwater Archaeology
>
Performing Robotic Surgery at NASA's Undersea Lab
Pages: [
1
]
Go Down
« previous
next »
Print
Author
Topic: Performing Robotic Surgery at NASA's Undersea Lab (Read 80 times)
0 Members and 19 Guests are viewing this topic.
Artemis
Superhero Member
Posts: 4270
Performing Robotic Surgery at NASA's Undersea Lab
«
on:
November 26, 2007, 11:22:43 am »
Performing Robotic Surgery at NASA's Undersea Lab
Will robotics allow physicians to save lives in extreme environments? PM medical expert Dr. Ken Kamler travels to the ocean floor to investigate.
An aquanaut performs a "moonwalk" outside the Aquarius lab off Key Largo. PHOTOGRAPH BY NASA.
By Ken Kamler
Published in the August 2006 issue.
One morning in April, I pulled up to a nondescript gray stucco duplex that fronted a canal in Key Largo. From the outside, the structure looked like an ordinary Florida condo, but if you peered over the fence into the covered portico, you could see a dizzying collection of air and mixed-gas tanks and the latest high-tech scuba gear splayed out everywhere.
I entered the condo to find two women and three men, all shoeless and in shorts and T-shirts, eating breakfast and talking into a speakerphone. They appeared to be laid-back and relaxed, but they were engaged in serious science.
The condo was a command center. The barefoot inhabitants were engineers and scientists, and the speakerphone was connected by radio to astronauts who were, at that moment, 3 miles off the coast and 62 ft. under the sea. These astro/aquanauts had been living in a capsule for two weeks and were carrying out the most elaborate undersea experiments ever attempted.
I was at "mission control" as a consultant to NEEMO 9 (NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations 9). Led by United Space Alliance scientist Bill Todd, with daily operations managed by Marc Reagan, the NEEMO project places astronauts in an undersea environment to simulate living and working conditions that they may face on the International Space Station, and could one day encounter on the moon and Mars.
One of the goals of the NEEMO project is to use technology to enable doctors to perform surgery in environments that are too dangerous or remote to reach in person. I was invited because I am a microsurgeon and because of my experience as a doctor who practices "extreme medicine."
Before I could scuba dive without a NASA escort, I had to be certified as a NURC (National Underwater Research Center) diver. The center's associate director, Otto Rutten, took me out to the Life Support Buoy (LSB) floating above the capsule to get tested. After a few feats of aquatic endurance, as well as a demonstration of some basic scuba knowledge, I was NURC'd and ready to visit the lab.
http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/health_medicine/3294446.html
Report Spam
Logged
Artemis
Superhero Member
Posts: 4270
Re: Performing Robotic Surgery at NASA's Undersea Lab
«
Reply #1
on:
November 26, 2007, 11:23:44 am »
The Aquarius Undersea Laboratory is a cylinder roughly the size and color of a school bus and about as cramped inside as a space station. I dove down to the seafloor with several NEEMO scientists, where we met up with two astronauts, Dave Williams and Ron Garan, outside the capsule. They were doing an EVA (Extra-Vehicular Activity) "moonwalk." The astronauts were walking upright, thanks to weights added to their belts and boots to simulate the gravitational pull they would feel on Mars--one-third that of the Earth. Accompanying the astronauts was Scuttle, an ROV (remotely operated vehicle) that resembles a go-kart. Scuttle was controlled from within the capsule by astronaut Nicole Stott.
Dr. Tim Broderick performs a psychomotor test while his brain activity is monitored remotely. PHOTOGRAPH BY NOAA Today the astronauts were engaged in a building experiment, constructing a temporary Water Lab, using Scuttle to bring them tools. The undersea environment provides more than just a gravitational stand-in for Mars; it also approximates the isolation and danger involved in a deep-space mission. Unexpected things go wrong here--just as they would in space--and that demands creative thinking from the astronauts and helps mission planners prepare for when the stakes are higher.
Report Spam
Logged
Artemis
Superhero Member
Posts: 4270
Re: Performing Robotic Surgery at NASA's Undersea Lab
«
Reply #2
on:
November 26, 2007, 11:24:46 am »
Scuttle, a remotely operated vehicle, reaches out to pick up a rock sample on the ocean floor. PHOTOGRAPH BY NASA
Although I spent part of my time with the NEEMO crew observing experiments like these, I was primarily here to witness the first successful attempt to operate a remote robotic surgery system in an extreme environment. On my second day, Dr. Tim Broderick, a University of Cincinnati surgeon, and I watched a robot inside Aquarius replicate the movements of a human 1500 miles away.
I've been present for three generations of NEEMO surgery. In 2004, I was the first person to do actual surgery inside the capsule--done the old-fashioned way, by hand, after an astronaut sliced his hand cutting PVC tubing. Last year, Tim and I performed mock surgery, following the step-by-step instructions of Dr. Mehran Anvari, director of McMaster University's Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, who telementored us from Hamilton, Ontario. This year, Anvari, still in Ontario, performed the surgery himself, manipulating a new robotics system consisting of an M7 master robot and an identical slave robot inside Aquarius.
Report Spam
Logged
Artemis
Superhero Member
Posts: 4270
Re: Performing Robotic Surgery at NASA's Undersea Lab
«
Reply #3
on:
November 26, 2007, 11:25:41 am »
A NEEMO technician enters Aquarius through the "moon pool." PHOTOGRAPH BY NOAA
The system was developed in response to an idea (and funding) from the U.S. Army's Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center (TATRC) headed by Dr. Gerald Moses, who wanted a robot that could perform surgery in hazardous and remote locations.
Designed by SRI International, the M7 surgical robot is the first such machine small enough to fit inside Aquarius. It has two arms that move with seven degrees of freedom: up-down (x-axis), left-right (y-axis), in-out (z-axis), yaw (around x), pitch (around y), roll (around z) and pinch (opening and closing of the pincer tips). The arm position and movement of the master robot was recorded and sent over the Internet to mission control, where the data were transmitted wirelessly to the LSB, which was hard-wired to Aquarius, then to the slave robot.
Report Spam
Logged
Artemis
Superhero Member
Posts: 4270
Re: Performing Robotic Surgery at NASA's Undersea Lab
«
Reply #4
on:
November 26, 2007, 11:26:36 am »
The M7 robot sutures a wound on simulated human tissue. PHOTOGRAPH BY NOAA
There is, however, a catch: The system has an unavoidable time delay of 0.250 millisecond due to the speed-of-light transmission. This latency posed no problem in our test suture of a plastic tube (standing in for an artery). But when the delay was artificially increased to 3 seconds to mimic transmission to the moon, Anvari lost the ability to tie a knot. The signal delay on a transmission to Mars would be 20 minutes. Clearly, semiautonomous robots will have to be developed to do much of the surgery themselves.
The robotic surgery on NEEMO 9 may also prove to have other, nonspace applications. Robotic surgeons could make sophisticated surgery available in dangerous or remote areas--on the battlefield, for instance. Such a system could be used with DARPA’s unmanned Trauma Pod tank-ambulance.
My final day with the crew was “splash-up,” when the aquanauts resurface. It’s a journey of around 60 ft., but it takes nearly 17 hours. Any faster could be deadly. The crew has been breathing pressurized air inside Aquarius, and after 18 days their blood is saturated with nitrogen. If the pressure were suddenly released, they could get the bends--when gaseous nitrogen comes rapidly out of solution, forming bubbles that can block blood vessels.
The recipe for decompression was nearing completion as we headed out in the morning to greet the aquanauts. As the divers climbed on board our recovery boat, Nicole waved to her husband and son on the spectator boat. Tim took a deep breath and said, “It’s good to feel fresh air.” Ron heard him and said, “So that’s what that smell is.”
Report Spam
Logged
Pages: [
1
]
Go Up
Print
« previous
next »
Jump to:
Please select a destination:
-----------------------------
Atlantis Online - Messages
-----------------------------
=> Messages
=> Administrative Messages
=> Commemorating Dates in History
=> Alerts & Warnings
=> Upcoming Events, Releases & Ads
=> Television: Shows & Events
-----------------------------
the Coffee Shop
-----------------------------
=> the Coffee Shop
=> Atlantis: Polls & News
=> Poltical Alerts
=> Causes & Activism
-----------------------------
Videos, Documentaries & Online Movies
-----------------------------
=> Ancient History & Lost Civilizations
=> Ghosts, UFOs & the Esoteric
=> Music, Entertainment & the Arts
=> Conspiracies & Suppressed Knowledge
=> Documentary & Videos
-----------------------------
Ages of the Earth
-----------------------------
=> The Early Earth, Geology & Fossils
=> Dinosaurs
=> Catastrophes & Mass Extinctions
=> Ice Age
=> Humanity's Origins & Civilization's First Steps
-----------------------------
Mythology & Heroic Sagas of Culture & Myth
-----------------------------
=> Mythology
=> Greek Mythology
=> Arthurian Myth
=> Quest for King Arthur
-----------------------------
Atlantis
-----------------------------
=> Atlantis & the Atlantic Ocean
=> Atlantis: Theories & Speculation
=> Plato's Atlantis
=> the Scientific Atlantis
=> Geology & Atlantis
=> Atlantis & the New Age
=> Atlantis in the Media
-----------------------------
Satellite Discoveries & Alternate Archaeology
-----------------------------
=> Alternate Archaeology
=> Satellite Discoveries & Aerial Archaeology
=> the Bock Saga
-----------------------------
Maps, Explorers & Adventurers
-----------------------------
=> the Oceans
=> Islands
=> the Bahamas, Bermuda, Cuba & the West Indies
=> Explorers & Adventurers
=> Maps, Cartographers & Cartography
-----------------------------
Egypt & the Pyramids
-----------------------------
=> Gods of Egypt
=> Egypt & the Pyramids
=> the Giza Complex
=> the Dynasties of Egypt
=> Egypt: Latest Discoveries
-----------------------------
the Guanches, Basques, Berbers & Sea People
-----------------------------
=> Guanches, Basques & Berbers
=> Pirates, Phantom Islands & Stories of the Sea
=> the Sea People
-----------------------------
the Ancient World
-----------------------------
=> Neolithic Europe
=> Stonehenge & the Druids
=> the Library of Alexandria, Ancient Historians & Philosophers
=> Ancient Warfare
=> the Spartans
-----------------------------
the Dawn of Civilization
-----------------------------
=> Africa, the Cradle of Life
=> China & the Asian Empires
=> Eastern Mysticism, India, & the Ancient Far East
=> Zoroastrianism, Arabia & the Near East
=> the Sumerians
=> Ancient Asia Minor
=> Hawaii, Australia, Alaska & the Pacific Rim
-----------------------------
Ancient Mediterranean Cultures
-----------------------------
=> Minoan Crete
=> Phoenicians & Carthage
=> Mediterranean Islands
=> Israelities & the Kabbalah
=> Etruscans
=> Ancient Greece
=> Rome: Empire & Republic
-----------------------------
Ancient European Cultures
-----------------------------
=> The Picts & Celts
=> Ireland: History & Myths
=> Balkan History
=> Italy & Magna Graecia
=> the Vikings & Scandinavia
=> Germanic History
-----------------------------
Timelines of Ancient Europe
-----------------------------
=> History of Britain
=> Scotland: in History & Lore
=> Continental Europe: Past & Present
=> the Dark Ages
=> the Medieval World
=> The Renaissance
-----------------------------
the Ancient Americas
-----------------------------
=> the Ancient Americas
=> Peru: Mysteries & Prehistory
=> Mesoamerican & South American Cultures
===> Aztec
===> Incan
===> Olmec
===> Toltec & Teotihuacan
=> Mayan
=> Native American
=> Canada: Past & Present
-----------------------------
The Crusades, Templars & the Holy Grail
-----------------------------
=> the Crusades
=> the Knights Templar
=> The Holy Grail & Christian artifacts
=> The Sacred Feminine, the Cathars & Gnosticism
=> the Da Vinci Code
-----------------------------
Ancient Mysteries
-----------------------------
=> Philosophy
=> Ancient Mysteries
=> Lemuria, Mu & other sunken civilizations
=> Easter Island
=> Oak Island
-----------------------------
Archaeology & Anthropology
-----------------------------
=> Museums & Universities
=> Archaeology
=> Ancient Languages
=> Archaeological News
=> Underwater Archaeology
-----------------------------
Ancient Knowledge, Mysticism & Sacred Beliefs
-----------------------------
=> Ley Lines, Ancient Astronomy & Archeoastronomy
=> Prophecy, 2012, End Times & the End of the World
=> Sacred Symbols
=> The Ancient Arts: Astrology, Alchemy, the Tarot, Arcane Recondite Practices & the I Ching
-----------------------------
Search for the Sacred
-----------------------------
=> Angels & Angelology
=> Goddess Worship
=> Search for the Sacred
=> World Religions
=> the Urantia Book
=> Wicca, Witchcraft, Paganism & Ritual Magic
-----------------------------
Health & Healing
-----------------------------
=> Health, Healing & Medical News
=> Human Biology
=> Love & Relationships
=> Women's Studies
-----------------------------
Science & Technology
-----------------------------
=> Science, Physics & Technology
=> History of Science
=> Evolution vs. Intelligent Design
=> Human Genetics
-----------------------------
Earth Changes
-----------------------------
=> Earth Changes
=> Global Warming
=> Botany & Plant Life
===> Plants of the Americas that Changed the World
=> Antarctica & the Arctic
-----------------------------
Space
-----------------------------
=> NASA
=> Mars, the Red Planet
=> Life on Other Worlds
=> the Universe
=> Images from Space
-----------------------------
UFOs, Aliens & Future Science
-----------------------------
=> UFO's
=> Aliens & Alien Abduction
=> UFO Evidence & in the Media
=> Alternate History & Multiverses
=> Future Science
=> Time Travel
-----------------------------
the Occult
-----------------------------
=> Ghosts & Apparitions
=> Communicating with the Dead
=> Paranormal Events, Reincarnation & Near Death Experiences
=> the Enchanted World
=> the Supernatural
=> the Occult
-----------------------------
the Unexplained
-----------------------------
=> Cryptozoology
=> Bigfoot Sightings
=> the Unexplained
=> the Hollow Earth, Crop Circles, Strange Structures & Devices
=> Vanishings & Unsolved Murders
-----------------------------
Science Fiction & Fantasy
-----------------------------
=> Lord of the Rings
=> Science Fiction
=> King Kong, Gigantopithecus & the Mountain Gorilla
=> Godzilla, King of Monsters
=> Comic Books
===> Comic Book Creators
===> Videogames & Toys
-----------------------------
Halloween & Seasonal
-----------------------------
=> Halloween
=> Seasonal
=> Monsters of Myth, Movies & Folklore
=> Ghost Stories
=> the Zombie Apocalypse
-----------------------------
Genres of Film & Literature
-----------------------------
=> Universal Horror
=> H. P. Lovecraft
=> Horror
=> Dark Shadows
=> Twin Peaks
=> Online Horror Movies Sci-Fi & TV Series
-----------------------------
Arts & Literature
-----------------------------
=> Online Books & Research Papers
=> Classical Literature & Book Reviews
=> Art History
=> Architecture
=> Sculpture & Statuary
=> the Great Masters
=> Music
-----------------------------
Media & Film
-----------------------------
=> Cinema
=> the History of Film
=> Marilyn Monroe
=> Actresses & Models
=> Entertainment News
-----------------------------
Modern Historical Mysteries
-----------------------------
=> American History
===> Presidents of the United States
=> the World Wars
===> the Great Depression
=> the Holocaust
=> the Middle East: Past & Present
=> Modern History
===> the Industrial Age
===> Civil Rights
=> Great Cities of the World
=> the Kennedys: Their History & Assasinations
=> New York City: Then & Now
-----------------------------
September 11th, 2001
-----------------------------
=> September 11th: Conspiracies, Cover-ups & Remembrance
=> The World Trade Center Remembered
===> Life of the Twin Towers
=> Modern Warfare
=> Environmental Disasters & Mass Tragedies
-----------------------------
Suppressed Knowledge
-----------------------------
=> New World Order
=> Conspiracies
=> Suppressed Knowledge
=> Media Matters
-----------------------------
Politics
-----------------------------
=> the Barack Obama Administration
=> Conservatives, Trump, & Republican Politics
=> Joe Biden, Democratic Politics & News
=> Tea Party, Constitution, Libertarian Parties & Ron Paul
=> Politics & News
-----------------------------
Current Events
-----------------------------
=> Current Events & Odd Stories
=> The World Today
=> Financial News & the Economy
===> The History of Labor
=> Breaking News
-----------------------------
General Category
-----------------------------
=> Opinions & Editorials
=> Cartoons, Humor & Comic Strips
=> Ecology, Pets & the Animal Kingdom
=> General & Miscellaneous
=> Sports
=> Computers & the Internet
-----------------------------
Art, Graphics & Creative Writing
-----------------------------
=> Fantasy Art & Graphics
=> Creative Writing
===> Horror Fiction
=> Poetry
=> Photography & Models
=> Earth Images
-----------------------------
Past Events
-----------------------------
=> Case for Bush Impeachment/War Crimes
===> Bush Administration Torture Scandal
=> Campaign 2008
=> Atlantis Online - Memorial & Biography
===> Atlantis Online - Old Posts
Powered by
EzPortal
Loading...