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Mars-like extrasolar planet discovered
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Paradox
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Mars-like extrasolar planet discovered
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June 25, 2015, 01:32:51 am »
Mars-like extrasolar planet discovered
Posted on Saturday, 20 June, 2015
The new planet is similar to Mars and orbits a red dwarf star. Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
Astronomers have identified a planet the size of Mars orbiting a star 200 light years from the Earth.
One of the smallest extrasolar planets ever discovered, this tiny distant world orbits the red dwarf star Kepler-138 and is also thought to have two neighboring planets around the size of the Earth.
Due to its size and distance its discovery is equivalent to locating a pin as far away as the moon.
"We’ve been able to tease out both the size and mass of this planet," said Dr Jason Rowe of the SETI Institute. "Therefore, we know its average density, and find that it is consistent with Mars in our own solar system."
"Exoplanets come in all sizes and masses. Some are rocky spheres like Venus, Earth and Mars, but others are puffed up gas balls. So it’s interesting to see that, at least in this case, a Mars-size planet could really be Mars-like."
Unfortunately given its distance from its parent star the new planet is unlikely to support life but there is still a lot that scientists can learn by studying the Kepler-138 system.
Of particular interest is the way the planets interfere with each other's orbits and time-keeping.
"Any extraterrestrials living in these systems would have to be expert watch makers, because the length of their year is always changing," said Dr. Rowe.
https://home.bt.com/news/science-news/a-planet-the-size-of-mars-has-just-been-discovered-11363987321140
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Paradox
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Re: Mars-like extrasolar planet discovered
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June 25, 2015, 01:35:15 am »
A planet the size of Mars has just been discovered
Scientists say its tight orbit makes it unlikely that the planet could harbour Earth-like life.
A planet the size of Mars has just been discovered
Press Association
Last updated: 17 June 2015, 19:30 BST
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A planet the size of Mars has been discovered 200 light years from Earth – the equivalent of measuring a pin head as far away as the moon.
The rocky world, Kepler-138 b, is one of the smallest “exoplanets” found beyond the solar system. It orbits the faint red dwarf star Kepler-138 in the southern constellation of Lyra.
It has two neighbours, both similar in size to the Earth.
SETI Institute handout photo of an artistâÂÂs illustration of Kepler-138 b front a planet the size of Mars has been discovered 200 light years from Earth - the equivalent of measuring a pin head as far away as the moon.
The planet orbits the red dwarf star Kepler-138 (Danielle Futselaar/SETI Institut/PA)
The mass of all three worlds was calculated by analysing the “tug of war” effect of their interacting gravitational fields. This influenced the timing of “transits” made when each of the planets passed in front of the parent star. One way of detecting exoplanets is to measure the dimming of star light caused by a transit.
Astronomer Dr Jason Rowe, from the SETI Institute in the US, said: “We’ve been able to tease out both the size and mass of this planet. Therefore, we know its average density, and find that it is consistent with Mars in our own solar system.
“Exoplanets come in all sizes and masses. Some are rocky spheres like Venus, Earth and Mars, but others are puffed up gas balls. So it’s interesting to see that, at least in this case, a Mars-size planet could really be Mars-like.”
The mass of the Mars-sized inner planet, Kepler-138b, was found to be around 0.067 times that of the Earth. Its tight orbit made it unlikely that the planet could harbour Earth-like life, said the scientists. Even though the red dwarf star is cooler than the sun, temperatures on the surface of Kepler-138b are likely to be a baking 127-226C.
The planet discovered is the size of Mars (NASA/JPL-Caltech/PA)
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Paradox
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Re: Mars-like extrasolar planet discovered
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June 25, 2015, 01:35:41 am »
The planet discovered is the size of Mars (NASA/JPL-Caltech/PA)
Another problem is that the world is probably tidally locked, meaning it always has one face pointing towards the star. Kepler-138b is one of many exoplanets discovered by scientists analysing data from the Kepler space telescope. The technique used to find it, described in the journal Nature, has echoes of the historic discovery of Neptune in the early 19th century.
Victorian astronomers learned that the planet Uranus had slight irregularities in its orbital motions. They suspected these might be due to the tug of another world some distance further from the Sun – and they were right. That world, identified in 1846, was Neptune.
Rowe pointed out that the way the three Kepler-138 planets interfered with each other’s orbits would play havoc with time-keeping.
“Any extra-terrestrials living in these systems would have to be expert watch makers, because the length of their year is always changing,” he said.
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Paradox
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https://home.bt.com/news/science-news/a-planet-the-size-of-mars-has-just-been-discovered-11363987321140
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