March 28, 2024, 05:08:25 am
Welcome,
Guest
. Please
login
or
register
.
1 Hour
1 Day
Forever
Login with username, password and session length
News
: Satellite images 'show Atlantis'
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3766863.stm
Home
Help
Arcade
Gallery
Links
Staff List
Calendar
Login
Register
Winds favoured Polynesian migration
Atlantis Online
>
Forum
>
the Dawn of Civilization
>
Hawaii, Australia, Alaska & the Pacific Rim
>
Winds favoured Polynesian migration
Pages: [
1
]
Go Down
« previous
next »
Print
Author
Topic: Winds favoured Polynesian migration (Read 365 times)
0 Members and 13 Guests are viewing this topic.
Europa
Administrator
Superhero Member
Posts: 4318
Winds favoured Polynesian migration
«
on:
October 20, 2014, 01:16:35 am »
Winds favoured Polynesian migration
Tuesday, 30 September 2014 Anna Salleh
ABC
Easter Island
A weakening of tradewinds was key to the Polynesian migration to Easter Island during the Medieval Period, say researchers (Source: Vladimir_Krupenkin/iStockphoto)
Related Stories
Chicken DNA 'suggests Columbus was first', Science Online, 18 Mar 2014
Coral yields precise Polynesian arrival date, Science Online, 08 Nov 2012
Ancient DNA sheds light on Maori settlement, Science Online, 23 Oct 2012
Polynesians were able to sail downwind to Easter Island and New Zealand centuries ago, a new analysis of past climate has found.
There were narrow windows of time between 1140 and 1260 AD where the winds allowed this, say researchers in this week's Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
"It's really incredible to think that for a 120-year period the Polynesians took advantage of these windows of opportunities and they crossed almost a third of the surface of the Earth," says co-author Associate Professor Ian Goodwin of Macquarie University.
Archaeological evidence suggests that from around 1000 years AD, Polynesians travelled in their ocean-sailing canoes east from Samoa to what is known as Central East Polynesia (CEP) -- which includes Society, Tuamotu, Marquesas, Gambier, Southern Cook and Austral Islands.
In a short period between 1140 and 1260 AD they then migrated on to New Zealand and Easter Island.
"It's always been quite a mystery as to why there was a concentration of colonisation in a period of a couple of hundred years and why it ceased after that," says Goodwin.
Especially since, according to today's prevailing winds, travelling to these later destinations would have been against the wind for most of the time, he adds.
While some researchers have proposed Polynesians must have had much more complex canoes than have been found to date, Goodwin and colleagues suggest this was not necessary.
They have found that during this short time there were actually a number of 'climate windows', lasting around 20 years each, where the winds were in favour of the long voyages to New Zealand and Easter Island.
Climate reconstruction
Between 800 and 1300, the Earth was in the grip of the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) which saw warmer conditions in Europe, and the Vikings expanded into Greenland, Iceland and Labrador. Meanwhile, the Americas experienced a major drought, and the Mayan civilisation collapsed.
A key feature of the MCA was the expansion of tropical areas towards the poles, especially between the mid 1100s and the mid 1200s.
Goodwin and colleagues reconstructed, year by year, the weather patterns across the Southern Hemisphere during this period, by combining climate models with past climate clues from ice cores, corals, tree rings, stalagmites, and sediments.
"We used all these proxy records that hold an imprint of the past climate," he says. "For example, the more sea salt in ice cores, for example, the stronger the winds were at the time."
In some of these 'climate windows', the easterly tradewinds strengthened and moved southward, replacing the westerly winds.
This would have supported an easy downwind sail out of Central East Polynesia to New Zealand, says Goodwin.
"Downwind, they could have made these voyages from Central East Polynesia to New Zealand in 10 to 14 days, which is manageable when you consider they had women and kids, food and pigs," he says.
Wind reversal
In alternating climate windows, the researchers found there was a weakening of the tradewinds, that would have supported an easy downwind sail to Easter Island on the westerlies.
"After 1300 AD, we show that this expansion of the tropics disappears, the westerlies move northwards and then all these windows close," says Goodwin.
He says the dates of the "wind reversals" identified in the study help narrow down when migration occurred within the broad period identified by archaeological data, and support the idea there were multiple waves of migration.
The study also shows winds could have helped Amerindians to get to Easter Island as well as the Polynesians.
And it shows winds that support the migration of Polynesians from Tonga to sub-Antarctic islands such as Auckland Island, south of New Zealand.
Canoe find
In related research, also published this week in PNAS, Dilys Johns and colleagues from the University of Auckland report on the discovery of an East Polynesian ocean-sailing canoe, at Anaweka on the New Zealand coast.
Dated to approximately 1400 AD, the canoe was built in New Zealand and has a sea turtle carved on its hull that makes a connection with the wider Polynesian culture and art.
"If the Anaweka canoe was a double canoe, which seems likely, the documentary evidence suggests a canoe with a deck and shelter, a low bow and an upraised stern, and a sail set forward as in historic canoes of the Society and Southern Cook Islands, which have been identified as likely Polynesian homelands of Maori," the researchers write.
Report Spam
Logged
Europa
Administrator
Superhero Member
Posts: 4318
Re: Winds favoured Polynesian migration
«
Reply #1
on:
October 20, 2014, 01:17:10 am »
A weakening of tradewinds was key to the Polynesian migration to Easter Island during the Medieval Period, say researchers (Source: Vladimir_Krupenkin/iStockphoto)
Report Spam
Logged
Europa
Administrator
Superhero Member
Posts: 4318
Re: Winds favoured Polynesian migration
«
Reply #2
on:
October 20, 2014, 01:17:24 am »
http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2014/09/30/4096801.htm?topic=ancient
Report Spam
Logged
Pages: [
1
]
Go Up
Print
« previous
next »
Jump to:
Please select a destination:
-----------------------------
Atlantis Online - Messages
-----------------------------
=> Messages
=> Administrative Messages
=> Commemorating Dates in History
=> Alerts & Warnings
=> Upcoming Events, Releases & Ads
=> Television: Shows & Events
-----------------------------
the Coffee Shop
-----------------------------
=> the Coffee Shop
=> Atlantis: Polls & News
=> Poltical Alerts
=> Causes & Activism
-----------------------------
Videos, Documentaries & Online Movies
-----------------------------
=> Ancient History & Lost Civilizations
=> Ghosts, UFOs & the Esoteric
=> Music, Entertainment & the Arts
=> Conspiracies & Suppressed Knowledge
=> Documentary & Videos
-----------------------------
Ages of the Earth
-----------------------------
=> The Early Earth, Geology & Fossils
=> Dinosaurs
=> Catastrophes & Mass Extinctions
=> Ice Age
=> Humanity's Origins & Civilization's First Steps
-----------------------------
Mythology & Heroic Sagas of Culture & Myth
-----------------------------
=> Mythology
=> Greek Mythology
=> Arthurian Myth
=> Quest for King Arthur
-----------------------------
Atlantis
-----------------------------
=> Atlantis & the Atlantic Ocean
=> Atlantis: Theories & Speculation
=> Plato's Atlantis
=> the Scientific Atlantis
=> Geology & Atlantis
=> Atlantis & the New Age
=> Atlantis in the Media
-----------------------------
Satellite Discoveries & Alternate Archaeology
-----------------------------
=> Alternate Archaeology
=> Satellite Discoveries & Aerial Archaeology
=> the Bock Saga
-----------------------------
Maps, Explorers & Adventurers
-----------------------------
=> the Oceans
=> Islands
=> the Bahamas, Bermuda, Cuba & the West Indies
=> Explorers & Adventurers
=> Maps, Cartographers & Cartography
-----------------------------
Egypt & the Pyramids
-----------------------------
=> Gods of Egypt
=> Egypt & the Pyramids
=> the Giza Complex
=> the Dynasties of Egypt
=> Egypt: Latest Discoveries
-----------------------------
the Guanches, Basques, Berbers & Sea People
-----------------------------
=> Guanches, Basques & Berbers
=> Pirates, Phantom Islands & Stories of the Sea
=> the Sea People
-----------------------------
the Ancient World
-----------------------------
=> Neolithic Europe
=> Stonehenge & the Druids
=> the Library of Alexandria, Ancient Historians & Philosophers
=> Ancient Warfare
=> the Spartans
-----------------------------
the Dawn of Civilization
-----------------------------
=> Africa, the Cradle of Life
=> China & the Asian Empires
=> Eastern Mysticism, India, & the Ancient Far East
=> Zoroastrianism, Arabia & the Near East
=> the Sumerians
=> Ancient Asia Minor
=> Hawaii, Australia, Alaska & the Pacific Rim
-----------------------------
Ancient Mediterranean Cultures
-----------------------------
=> Minoan Crete
=> Phoenicians & Carthage
=> Mediterranean Islands
=> Israelities & the Kabbalah
=> Etruscans
=> Ancient Greece
=> Rome: Empire & Republic
-----------------------------
Ancient European Cultures
-----------------------------
=> The Picts & Celts
=> Ireland: History & Myths
=> Balkan History
=> Italy & Magna Graecia
=> the Vikings & Scandinavia
=> Germanic History
-----------------------------
Timelines of Ancient Europe
-----------------------------
=> History of Britain
=> Scotland: in History & Lore
=> Continental Europe: Past & Present
=> the Dark Ages
=> the Medieval World
=> The Renaissance
-----------------------------
the Ancient Americas
-----------------------------
=> the Ancient Americas
=> Peru: Mysteries & Prehistory
=> Mesoamerican & South American Cultures
===> Aztec
===> Incan
===> Olmec
===> Toltec & Teotihuacan
=> Mayan
=> Native American
=> Canada: Past & Present
-----------------------------
The Crusades, Templars & the Holy Grail
-----------------------------
=> the Crusades
=> the Knights Templar
=> The Holy Grail & Christian artifacts
=> The Sacred Feminine, the Cathars & Gnosticism
=> the Da Vinci Code
-----------------------------
Ancient Mysteries
-----------------------------
=> Philosophy
=> Ancient Mysteries
=> Lemuria, Mu & other sunken civilizations
=> Easter Island
=> Oak Island
-----------------------------
Archaeology & Anthropology
-----------------------------
=> Museums & Universities
=> Archaeology
=> Ancient Languages
=> Archaeological News
=> Underwater Archaeology
-----------------------------
Ancient Knowledge, Mysticism & Sacred Beliefs
-----------------------------
=> Ley Lines, Ancient Astronomy & Archeoastronomy
=> Prophecy, 2012, End Times & the End of the World
=> Sacred Symbols
=> The Ancient Arts: Astrology, Alchemy, the Tarot, Arcane Recondite Practices & the I Ching
-----------------------------
Search for the Sacred
-----------------------------
=> Angels & Angelology
=> Goddess Worship
=> Search for the Sacred
=> World Religions
=> the Urantia Book
=> Wicca, Witchcraft, Paganism & Ritual Magic
-----------------------------
Health & Healing
-----------------------------
=> Health, Healing & Medical News
=> Human Biology
=> Love & Relationships
=> Women's Studies
-----------------------------
Science & Technology
-----------------------------
=> Science, Physics & Technology
=> History of Science
=> Evolution vs. Intelligent Design
=> Human Genetics
-----------------------------
Earth Changes
-----------------------------
=> Earth Changes
=> Global Warming
=> Botany & Plant Life
===> Plants of the Americas that Changed the World
=> Antarctica & the Arctic
-----------------------------
Space
-----------------------------
=> NASA
=> Mars, the Red Planet
=> Life on Other Worlds
=> the Universe
=> Images from Space
-----------------------------
UFOs, Aliens & Future Science
-----------------------------
=> UFO's
=> Aliens & Alien Abduction
=> UFO Evidence & in the Media
=> Alternate History & Multiverses
=> Future Science
=> Time Travel
-----------------------------
the Occult
-----------------------------
=> Ghosts & Apparitions
=> Communicating with the Dead
=> Paranormal Events, Reincarnation & Near Death Experiences
=> the Enchanted World
=> the Supernatural
=> the Occult
-----------------------------
the Unexplained
-----------------------------
=> Cryptozoology
=> Bigfoot Sightings
=> the Unexplained
=> the Hollow Earth, Crop Circles, Strange Structures & Devices
=> Vanishings & Unsolved Murders
-----------------------------
Science Fiction & Fantasy
-----------------------------
=> Lord of the Rings
=> Science Fiction
=> King Kong, Gigantopithecus & the Mountain Gorilla
=> Godzilla, King of Monsters
=> Comic Books
===> Comic Book Creators
===> Videogames & Toys
-----------------------------
Halloween & Seasonal
-----------------------------
=> Halloween
=> Seasonal
=> Monsters of Myth, Movies & Folklore
=> Ghost Stories
=> the Zombie Apocalypse
-----------------------------
Genres of Film & Literature
-----------------------------
=> Universal Horror
=> H. P. Lovecraft
=> Horror
=> Dark Shadows
=> Twin Peaks
=> Online Horror Movies Sci-Fi & TV Series
-----------------------------
Arts & Literature
-----------------------------
=> Online Books & Research Papers
=> Classical Literature & Book Reviews
=> Art History
=> Architecture
=> Sculpture & Statuary
=> the Great Masters
=> Music
-----------------------------
Media & Film
-----------------------------
=> Cinema
=> the History of Film
=> Marilyn Monroe
=> Actresses & Models
=> Entertainment News
-----------------------------
Modern Historical Mysteries
-----------------------------
=> American History
===> Presidents of the United States
=> the World Wars
===> the Great Depression
=> the Holocaust
=> the Middle East: Past & Present
=> Modern History
===> the Industrial Age
===> Civil Rights
=> Great Cities of the World
=> the Kennedys: Their History & Assasinations
=> New York City: Then & Now
-----------------------------
September 11th, 2001
-----------------------------
=> September 11th: Conspiracies, Cover-ups & Remembrance
=> The World Trade Center Remembered
===> Life of the Twin Towers
=> Modern Warfare
=> Environmental Disasters & Mass Tragedies
-----------------------------
Suppressed Knowledge
-----------------------------
=> New World Order
=> Conspiracies
=> Suppressed Knowledge
=> Media Matters
-----------------------------
Politics
-----------------------------
=> the Barack Obama Administration
=> Conservatives, Trump, & Republican Politics
=> Joe Biden, Democratic Politics & News
=> Tea Party, Constitution, Libertarian Parties & Ron Paul
=> Politics & News
-----------------------------
Current Events
-----------------------------
=> Current Events & Odd Stories
=> The World Today
=> Financial News & the Economy
===> The History of Labor
=> Breaking News
-----------------------------
General Category
-----------------------------
=> Opinions & Editorials
=> Cartoons, Humor & Comic Strips
=> Ecology, Pets & the Animal Kingdom
=> General & Miscellaneous
=> Sports
=> Computers & the Internet
-----------------------------
Art, Graphics & Creative Writing
-----------------------------
=> Fantasy Art & Graphics
=> Creative Writing
===> Horror Fiction
=> Poetry
=> Photography & Models
=> Earth Images
-----------------------------
Past Events
-----------------------------
=> Case for Bush Impeachment/War Crimes
===> Bush Administration Torture Scandal
=> Campaign 2008
=> Atlantis Online - Memorial & Biography
===> Atlantis Online - Old Posts
Powered by
EzPortal
Loading...