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Morocco and Eastern Atlantis

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Bianca
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« Reply #1350 on: June 20, 2009, 11:44:27 am »



A Kasbah in the Dades valley, High Atlas
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« Reply #1351 on: June 20, 2009, 11:50:16 am »










Western High Atlas



In the west lies the oldest portion of the range. Its high point is the Jbel Toubkal at 4167 m, which is visible from the city of Marrakech.

Jbel Toubkal lies in the Toubkal national park, which was created in 1942. The massif consists of Jurassic and Cretaceous formations notched by deep erosion-carved valleys.

This part of the range includes the Ourika Valley, which is the only location in the High Atlas where the endangered primate, the Barbary Macaque, Macaca sylvanus, is found; however, this primate is also found in parts of the Middle Atlas and the Rif, as well as parts of Algeria.

The Ourika Valley is also a location where a diverse flora was recorded as early as the 19th century.






Central High Atlas



A solid chalk mass morphologically dominated by tabular zones reaching an altitude of 2,500 m extends from Azilal to Ouarzazate.

Here, the contrasting landscapes remind visitors of the Colorado, with its high plateaux, its gorges and box canyons, and its peaks sometimes splintered by erosion.

Several peaks in this area exceed 4000 m, with Jbel Mgoun at 4068 m being the highest peak in this part of the High Atlas. The area is populated by Berbers.
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« Reply #1352 on: June 20, 2009, 11:51:59 am »




             

              Village of the eastern High Atlas









Eastern High Atlas
 


The eastern part of the High Atlas forms vast plateaux at high altitude which provide the headwaters for the Moulouya River. It extends from the town of Khenifra and includes oases at Jbel Ayachi (at 3747 m), Jbel Saghro and Jbel Sirwa (3305 m).

This portion of the range includes the solid mass of the Tamlelt whose northern edge is occupied by its higher peaks, such Jbel Ayachi at 3,747 m. The altitude falls towards the east where the mountains join the pre-Saharan zone.

This massif became an internationally famous paleontological site after the discovery of the bones of the completely unknown ancestor of the dinosaurs, Atlasaurus, which populated Morocco 180 million years ago. This dinosaur is also named Tazoudasaurus, after the name of the village of Tazouda where it was discovered. The creature, about nine metres long, is postulated to be an ancestor of the Sauropoda found in America. Until 140 million years ago the African and American continents were connected.
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« Reply #1353 on: June 20, 2009, 11:57:13 am »



Travel over the high mountain passes is worthwhile.

At the foot of the High Atlas one finds Aït Benhaddou, a Kasbah or castle still in use
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« Reply #1354 on: June 20, 2009, 12:02:07 pm »



Among the summits at 1600 m height lies the Kasbah of Télouet on the road to Marrakech
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« Reply #1355 on: June 20, 2009, 12:05:46 pm »



Gorges du Dades
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« Reply #1356 on: June 20, 2009, 12:08:34 pm »




             

              Mountain Pass At Gorge Du Dades
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« Reply #1357 on: June 20, 2009, 12:10:02 pm »



Gorge Du Dades
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« Reply #1358 on: June 20, 2009, 12:12:31 pm »



A Village In Gorge Du Dades
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« Reply #1359 on: June 30, 2009, 07:36:59 am »












                                                                      Anti-Atlas





 
Anti-Atlas mountains in Morocco.

The Anti-Atlas (Arabic: الأطلس الصغير‎) or Jebel Saghru, or Lesser Atlas, is one of the mountain ranges lying in Morocco, as part of the Atlas mountains in the northwest of Africa.

The Anti-Atlas extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the southwest, toward the northeast, to the heights of Ouarzazate and further east to the city of Tafilalt (altogether a distance of approximately 500 km, 310 mi).

In the south, the range borders the Sahara.

The easternmost point of the anti-Atlas is the Djebel Sarhro mountains, and its eastern boundary is set by sections of the High Atlas range. On the heights of Ouarzazate, the massif is cut through by the Draa valley, which opens southward. In this chaos of rocks, the contrasts are extreme: water runs in some remote places, forming clear basins.

The rare villages are reduced to a handful of small houses surrounded by palm trees.

In some contexts, the Anti-Atlas are considered separate from the Atlas mountains, as the term "anti" implies.
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« Reply #1360 on: June 30, 2009, 07:41:12 am »



The rare villages are reduced to a handful of small houses surrounded by palm trees.
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« Reply #1361 on: June 30, 2009, 07:44:19 am »



Anti Atlas close to Tafraoute
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« Reply #1362 on: June 30, 2009, 07:52:49 am »










The base rock of Africa (the African plate) was formed in the Precambrian (approximately 4.5 billion to approximately 550 million years before today) and is much older than the Atlas mountains lying in Africa. The Anti-Atlas range developed later.

The Anti-Atlas range formed in the Paleozoic (~300 million years ago), as the result of continental collisions. North America, Europe and Africa were connected millions of years ago as part of two former continents, Euramerica and Gondwana, which ground against one another. Evidence shows the Anti-Atlas mountains to have originally been formed as part of the Alleghenian orogeny that also formed the Appalachians, formed when Gondwana (including Africa) and Euramerica (America) collided. There are indications they were once a chain of mountains far higher than today's Himalayan mountains.

 
Anti Atlas, Djebel SirouaMore recently in the Tertiary period (65 millions to ~1.8 million years ago), the remaining mountain chains that today comprise the Atlas were uplifted as the land masses of Europe and Africa collided at the southern end of the Iberian peninsula. Erosion continued to reduce the Anti-Atlas range so that it is today less significant that the High Atlas range to the north.



The summits of the Anti-Atlas reach average heights of 2,500-2,700 m (8200-8850 ft), with a few peaks higher. To the north lies a plateau 1700–1800 m (5900 ft) in height. To the south lie the Sahara highlands at approximately 700 m (2300 ft). One peak, Djebel Siroua, of volcanic origin, reaches 3304 m (10,835 ft). The range is strongly fissured, particularly in a southerly direction.

In the Anti-Atlas, the precipitation annually is typically below 200 mm (8 in), while the climatic conditions on the north and west slopes are locally more favorable. Climatically, the mountains are separated by the High Atlas, to the north, from the Mediterranean's influence and belong to the Sahara climate zone.
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« Reply #1363 on: June 30, 2009, 07:55:27 am »



At Tafraoute on a market day
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« Reply #1364 on: June 30, 2009, 07:57:30 am »



Anti Atlas, valley of the Ammeln (near Tafraout)
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