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Historical basis for King Arthur

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the Once and Future King
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« on: November 11, 2012, 12:18:34 am »

Early sources

Historia Brittonum

Arthur is not mentioned in The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (c. 890s), Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People (c. 731) or any other surviving work until 820,[9] the date ascribed to the Historia Brittonum, usually attributed to Nennius, a Welsh ecclesiastic.[10] Nennius lists twelve battles fought by Arthur and gives him the title of "dux bellorum", which can be translated as "war commander", saying that Arthur fought "alongside the kings of the Britons", rather than that Arthur was himself a king. Other accounts associating Arthur with Badon can be shown to derive directly or indirectly from the Historia Brittonum. The list is inserted between the death of Hengist and the reign of Ida in Bernicia, which suggests that the Historia Brittonum's compiler believed Arthur's floruit to have been in the early-mid 6th century.

One of the battles, the battle of Mons Badonicus, appears to be that great British victory mentioned by Gildas in his De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae (On the Ruin and Conquest of Britain). Badon appears in several other texts but Arthur is not associated with it until the Historia Brittonum.[11] Recent scholarship has further questioned the reliability of the Historia Brittonum[12] and the Annales Cambriae.[13]
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