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The Great Contribution of Islamic Astronomers

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Bianca
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« Reply #90 on: October 13, 2008, 02:14:06 pm »










Mechanical astrolabe with geared calendar computer



In 1235, Abi Bakr of Isfahan invented a brass astrolabe with a geared calendar movement based on
the design of Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī's mechanical calendar computer.

Abi Bakr's geared astrolabe uses a set of gear-wheels and is the oldest surviving complete mechanical geared machine in existence.






Plate of Conjunctions


 
In the 15th century, al-Kashi invented the Plate of Conjunctions, a computing instrument used
to determine the time of day at which planetary conjunctions will occur, and for performing linear interpolation.






Planetary computer



In the 15th century, al-Kashi also invented a mechanical planetary computer which he called the
Plate of Zones, which could graphically solve a number of planetary problems, including the prediction of the true positions in longitude of the Sun and Moon, and the planets in terms of elliptical orbits;
the latitudes of the Sun, Moon, and planets; and the ecliptic of the Sun.

The instrument also incorporated an alhidade and ruler.
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