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BRIEF HISTORY OF ASTROLOGY

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Bianca
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« Reply #30 on: March 26, 2008, 08:50:49 am »









GREECE



Important to the foundation of Greek Astrology, was a Babylonian, named Berosus, who lived about 250 BCE. His writings had a great influence on early astrological concepts in Greece. Unfortunately, no manuscripts of his work have survived. Bersosus established a school of Astrologers on the Island of Cos.

During the next 400 years, the Greeks zealously converted Chaldean Astrology to their own traditions. Here, it became formal and complicated. The Greek tradition is credited with developing a system of diagnosis; and a method of calculating individual destinies based upon the moment of birth.

The Greeks also associated myths with the star groups. The heavens became an array of sacred objects, monsters, animals and heroes. They added human qualities to the heavens in constellation figures which embodied arrogance, love, fear, strength, compassion, vanity and tenderness. Alongside this mythologic view, another based on geometrical and mathematical relationships was seeded in Greece. Science began when the Greeks applied mathematics to the study of the heavens.
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« Reply #31 on: March 26, 2008, 08:52:32 am »









PTOLEMY'S UNIVERSE



By about the third century BCE, Aristarchus calculated the distances to the Sun and Moon. His calculation for the Moon proved correct, but he was way off on the Sun. Still impressive, as he did this measuring without the availability of Instruments.

Such tools were finally invented by Hipparchus. His instruments were so accurate that by 150 BCE he determined the length of the year to within six minutes. Three centuries later Ptolemy relied almost entirely on Hipparchus' data as the basis of his world system. Ptolemy constructed a model of the universe that could explain the retrograde movements of the planets as well as the variations in their speed and brightness. The Ptolemaic model of the universe dominated Western thought for over 1400 years. The first textbook of Astrology, The Tetrabiblos, was written by Ptolemy.

In 1543, it was Copernicus who put the sun at the center of the universe. This was the same premise that had been held by Aristarchus in the middle of the third century. Old ways die hard, and the Copernicus system was not accepted for another 100 years. It was the work of both Kepler and Newton that dealt the death blow to the Ptolemaic system. Kepler found that the planets actually move in ellipses, not circles, and Newton explained why. Kepler believed only those people who had never studied astrology could possibly deny it.

In 1687, Issaac Newton's book 'Principia Mathematica' opened the door to the modern era of studying the heavens, called astronomy. This was the beginning of the decline astrology would suffer until the mid-19th century.
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« Reply #32 on: March 26, 2008, 08:53:41 am »









Stonehenge
Salisbury, England.
Stoic evidence of Bronze age Astronomy.





Venus
Feminine principle
in a horoscope,
ruling the signs Taurus & Libra.






The pyramids
of Giza, Egypt,
structured with astronomical correspondence.





 Ptolemy
of Greece Constructed a new model of the
universe. 
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« Reply #33 on: March 26, 2008, 08:55:32 am »









The planets also have familiarity with the parts of the zodiac, through what are called their houses,

triangles, exaltations, terms, and the like. The system of houses is of the following nature. Since of the

twelve signs the most northern, which are closer than the others to our zenith and therefore most

productive of heat and of warmth are Cancer and Leo, they assigned these to the greatest and most

powerful heavenly bodies, that is, to the luminaries, as houses, Leo, which is masculine, to the sun and

Cancer, feminine, to the moon. In keeping with this they assumed the semicircle from Leo to Capricorn

to be solar and that from Aquarius to Cancer to be lunar, so that in each of the semicircles one sign

might be assigned to each of the five planets as its own, one bearing aspect to the sun and the other

to the moon, consistently with the spheres of their motion and the peculiarities of their natures."



—Claudius Ptolemy,

   Tetrabiblos.




http://www.elore.com/Astrology/History/early.htm
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« Reply #34 on: March 26, 2008, 08:57:15 am »









mdsungate
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     HISTORY OF ASTROLOGY III
« Reply #20 on: August 13, 2007, 01:41:43 pm » Quote 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   I'm inclined to believe that not much actually changes for mankind, just the circumstances.


Quote
There is still much that remains unknown about the function of ancient megalithic monuments found throughout the world. In most cases it is still uncertain who the actual builders were. What we do know, from contemporary observations, is that most of these sites were used for astronomical observation. The dominant theory places their function within agricultural ritual.


It's my experience that if you want to get other men to help you move collosal objects that require a lot of work, time spent away from your family, and loss of leisure time,  than there better be a damn good reason for it.  This notion that people were so superstitious that they would errect monumental edifices solely for ritual, just rubs me the wrong way.

Maybe it's just the material age I live in, but in my mind there had to be a more practical reason for all this hard work.  To get people to build on such a scale and in such a percise manner, speaks of a purpose that meant some kind of "profit" to the individuals involved in the project, does it not? 

Let's put it in a modern context:  Okay guys, now you're going to have to give up working the fields, or hunting and gathering for a year or two, and work your butts off, moving this big rocks that take 50 or 100 men to even budge, and setting them exactly where I tell you to, so we can use it as a calendar.  That way we'll know when to plant our crops, and we wont' be off by a week or two like we were last year"

Does this seem like the kind of thing the men you know would go for?  If you ask me, the guy that convinced whoever built these places, was either really, really rich and paid very well, or he was the best damn salesman to ever grace the face of the earth!   
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« Reply #35 on: March 26, 2008, 08:59:46 am »









Planetary Alignments and Ancient Ruins




At Stonehenge in England (built in phases from around 3300 to 2000 BC), the Sun rises up over what’s known as the Heel Stone on Mid-Summer (early August) and sets on Mid-Winter (early February) on a point exactly across on the circle of great stones.

The meaning of these alignments has been debated, but Stonehenge itself played a role in the science of astronomy, and is considered the first astronomical observatory.

At the Great Pyramids of Egypt (built 2600 BC), an astronomer discovered that a King’s burial chamber aligns with both the belt of Orion and Thuban, called the “Imperishable Star” by the ancient Egyptians. For the afterlife-minded Egyptians, these constellations gave the pharaoh two pathways of renewal and resurrection. The study of these types of planetary alignments is called archaeoastronomy. 
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« Reply #36 on: March 26, 2008, 09:09:25 am »









O P I N I O N





Astrology developed simultaneously in numerous ancient civilizations around 8-10,000 years ago.

Astrology is based on observations of our solar system and focuses on The SUN, the MOON and the planets in our solar system, a total of 12 celestial body's.

Astrology is based on 12 and pure mathematics.

Astrology is duodecimal mathematics.

Before the advent of the telescope Uranus, Neptune and Pluto were unknown to the world. Ancient Astrologers based there mathematical calculations on the seven bodies [Magical Stars] visible from Earth. The SUN, the MOON and the FIVE planets visible from Earth without a telescope. Those planets are Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. The math is 7 + 5 = 12.

The only dilemma faced by ancients Astrologers was that they had 12 Archetypes or personality profiles that they connected with humans. Astrology had only 7 visible celestial bodies in the heavens to associate with their mathematical science. A consensus arose because the number 12 and the 12 archetypes could not be altered, these were cast in stone and everyone understood that. The most knowledgeable Astrologers used a unique premise to solve this problem. They would bend the sky back upon itself. The SUN and the MOON would be used as single rulers of Zodiac Signs and the 5 planets, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn would each be used twice, each planet would rule 2 Zodiac Signs. That pattern would not be violate duodecimal mathematics. 2 + 10 = 12. Using the 5 planets in their physical order propagated a pattern based on their mean distance from Earth over the year.

Astrology was created to understand the psychological profile and personality characteristics of living human beings. In this ancient system of behavior analysis; The Sun Rules LEO and the MOON Rules CANCER. In ancient Astrology MERCURY Ruled both Virgo and Gemini in the Zodiac, VENUS Ruled both Libra and Taurus in the Zodiac, MARS Ruled both Scorpio and Aries in the Zodiac, JUPITER Ruled both Sagittarius and Pisces and SATURN Ruled both Capricorn and Aquarius in the Zodiac.

This format survived without change for thousands of years both in Asia and the West. It survived until Uranus was discovered in the 18th Century. When Uranus was revealed in 1781 by Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel in Germany; the sighting was hailed as a phenomenal scientific advancement but this development provided a huge dilemma for Astrologers. William Hershel as he was know after he moved to England also discovered infrared radiation in 1800.
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« Reply #37 on: March 26, 2008, 09:11:59 am »









WHERE did Uranus fit into the Zodiac?



Astrologers throughout the world huddled for months and then a few years on what to do with Uranus. It took 7 years but finally in 1788, Astrologers agreed and Uranus was the Ruler of Aquarius. Saturn was not the Ruler of both Capricorn and Aquarius. Saturn now only Rules Capricorn and the new Planet of Uranus Rules the Sign of Aquarius. Uranus doesn't have any effect on the ancient mathematical system of Astrology except to place the name of the new planet in the already perfect geometric arrangement. Uranus Rules Aquarius. The discovery of Uranus continues the pattern of the Rulers of the Zodiac Signs being based on the planets average mean distance from Earth during the year.

In 1864 the discovery of Uranus was followed by the discovery of Neptune. Urbain Leverrier, a French astronomer who enlisted help from astronomers at the Berlin Observatory found the new planet on the night of September 23, 1846. Many astronomers had been looking for Neptune after Cambridge mathematician, John Couch Adams, predicted it's existence in 1845. But the French and Germany beating the British to the actual discovery of Neptune in the heavens created a quarrel that still exists today.

Neptune was also a problem for the Astrologers of their day? What Zodiac Sign did it rule?

After several years it was decided that Neptune Ruled the Sign of Pisces and that now Jupiter wasn't the Ruler of Pisces. Jupiter is the sole Ruler of Sagittarius and now Neptune was the new Ruler of Pisces. Neptune was so much like Pisces with it's sometimes dark moods. A consensus was agreed to without much opposition and the placement of Neptune with Pisces was accepted by all. BTW; this continued the ancient idea of there being only 12 solar body's. The ancients hadn't discovered any other planets so they used what they could see with their eyes and doubled the planets back upon themselves.
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« Reply #38 on: March 26, 2008, 09:13:55 am »









A real important pattern emerges if you look at these two new pieces of the puzzle to the Zodiac. The discovery of Uranus and Neptune, verified that ancient civilizations based Astrology's Rulership on the Mean Distance of the planets from Earth over the year. With both of these discoveries a solid consensus emerged about the placement of these 2 planets and their Rulership of Zodiac Signs. Uranus Ruled Aquarius and Neptune Ruled Pisces.

Percival Lowell the astronomer who mapped the canals of Mars is responsible for the discovery of Pluto although he died ten years before it actually was uncovered. Lowell's canals on Mars were pure fantasy's because of poor telescopes but Lowell did accurately predict the existence of Pluto and position of Pluto in the night sky. Lowell made his predictions on Pluto from the immense numbers mathematical calculations he made, in and around the turn of the 20th Century. Clyde Taumbaugh an astronomical photographer at the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona finally did discover photographic evidence of Pluto in 1930. The existence Pluto was no problem for astronomers or scientists. They had all been looking for Pluto for years after seeing Lowell's calculations.

Pluto presented a major problem for Astrologers, and this time there was no consensus.
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« Reply #39 on: March 26, 2008, 09:17:35 am »









A huge fight among contemporary Astrologers ensued. The Astrologers who were mathematicians proved that Pluto was the new Ruler of the Zodiac Sign of Aries and that Mars was single the Ruler of Scorpio. Previously Mars Ruled both Aries and Scorpio. The pattern that was continued by placing Uranus in Aquarius and Neptune in Pisces was ignored by a large group of Astrologers from 1930 and thereafter. This group became the AFA and it's offshoots. This larger group supported the idea that the new planet, Pluto, Ruled Scorpio and that Mars now Rules Aries and has nothing to do with Scorpio. They are mathematically incorrect.

The leaders of the smaller group of mathematician Astrologers who knew that Pluto Ruled Aries and Mars Ruled Scorpio were Grant Lewi and Carl Payne Tobey. Lewi and Tobey were the editors of the
two national Astrological magazines, American Astrology and Horoscope.

The larger group was loudest.

In 1938 the AFA, American Federation of Astrologers, was formed to support the viewpoint that Pluto Rules Scorpio and that Mars was the new Ruler of Aries. The AFA and it's members have promoted this erroneous idea for almost 70 years and their propaganda continues today even though the concept is totally mathematically flawed.

Unfortunately The AFA and it's non-mathematical followers have created a large business out of this absurd fantasy but have corralled the majority of Astrologers into their midst. Although the total number of people is only about 10,000. The AFA, NCGR, ISAR and the like sell their belief the same way religion does, that you must believe what they teach out of FAITH and that others are wrong.

But mathematics doesn't lie, only the AFA, NCGR, ISAR and their cohorts lie.

Another promoter of erroneous Astrology is the ACVA, a Vedic Astrology group. Vedic Astrology is based on a unsound mathematical assumption; that the tilt of the Earth on it's axis is somehow involved in Astrology.

It's more total bulls**t.
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« Reply #40 on: March 26, 2008, 09:19:08 am »









Following the formula based on the Mean Distance over the year of the body from Earth for Rulership, so far fills 10 planets into a pattern of 12 slots in the Zodiac. The Sun Rules LEO and the MOON Rules CANCER. Mercury Rules Virgo, Venus Rules Libra, Mars Rules Scorpio, Jupiter Rules Sagittarius, Saturn Rules Capricorn Aquarius, Uranus Rules Aquarius, Neptune Rules Pisces, Pluto Rules Aries. Taurus and Gemini's Rulers are unknown but in AFA Astrology the are still ruled by the planets Venus and Mercury respectively. Why this discrepancy. 8 planets Rule 8 of the Signs but 2 planets Rule 4 of the Signs in the Zodiac. WHY?

It is relatively easy to follow the blueprint set-up by the formula based on the Mean Distance from Earth over the year and the last 2 Zodiac Signs without individual rulership fit the pattern begun with the discovery of Uranus. The only logical conclusion is that there are 2 planets, "Y" and "Z", beyond Pluto in the solar system and these planets Rule the Zodiac Signs of Taurus and Gemini respectively. This completes the perfect celestial design. There must be 2 undiscovered planets beyond Pluto that Rule Taurus and Gemini. The mathematical odds that this pattern is correct are 3,628,800 divided by 2 to 1 or roughly 1.8 million to 1. This number is 1 X 2 X 3 X 4 X 5 X 6 X 7 X 8 X 9 X 10/2.

Planet "Y" rules Taurus and the planet "Z" rules Gemini and both are beyond Pluto. "Y" is about twice as far out as Pluto and "Z" is about twice again that far away from the SUN. A very long way, BUT, it must be true. The mathematical odds of this being a fact are about 239,500,800 to 1. I won't argue with mathematics. May you will? If you do, you're wrong just as surely as saying gravity doesn't exist.

So not only is the use of Chiron in Astrology ridiculous but the use of anything but the planets in our solar system for Ruling Zodiac Signs or influencing Horoscopes is a complete fantasy and it's down right heresy of this pure form of mathematics.
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« Reply #41 on: March 26, 2008, 09:21:24 am »









mdsungate
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     HISTORY OF ASTROLOGY III
« Reply #27 on: August 15, 2007, 01:35:23 pm » Quote 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    An above QUOTE from your posts:


Quote
The only logical conclusion is that there are 2 planets, "Y" and "Z", beyond Pluto in the solar system and these planets Rule the Zodiac Signs of Taurus and Gemini respectively



I’m not sure I agree with that.  There is the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.  According to Boyles Law, (I believe that is what it is called) there is an increased proportion to where each planetary orbit lies, and it works for all the planets except the space between Mars and Jupiter, where there should be a planet, but there is the asteroid belt.  My theory, (and I’m hardly alone here), is that this was formerly a planet and it was somehow destroyed due to some sort of catastrophe. 

Since the priests of Sais tell Solon, in Plato’s infamous dialogues, that even the infantile Greeks preserve the history of celestial events in myths, I think this catastrophe is contained in an ancient myth.  Jupiter disposed Titan and became the new “King” of the gods.  So I personally believe that the asteroid belt was formerly the planet “Titan”, (not the moon, Titan).  And that Titan was formerly the largest planet in the solar system until Jupiter, somehow disposed it and the planet was broken into fragments which we now see as the asteroid belt. 

I also have another theory, that is mostly instinctual, (and here I may stand alone, I haven’t heard it elsewhere).  I believe there is a small planet closer to the sun than Mercury that for some reason has gone undetected.  Don’t ask me for any basis in fact for this one.  It’s just something I sense, and I don’t offer any reasons for it.
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« Reply #42 on: March 26, 2008, 09:22:52 am »









Funny, Sungate, you disagree with this article Astronomically as much as I disagree with it
Astrologically.

I won't go into it right now, as I am tied up elsewhere.  I'll come back to it and 'splain myself.....

hugs,
b


http://www.astrologycom.com/sacredart.html
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« Reply #43 on: March 26, 2008, 09:25:30 am »










                                                 Astrology: the Sacred Art





Right action acknowledging the sacred in each moment



Astrology is a sacred art – and it is a sacred science. In this challenging article, Neil Giles argues that its disciplined study reveals the right path by revealing the turnings of the wheel of life. To act as the Heavens reveal is to take right action, acknowledging the sacred in each moment. Now, read on...

The priest, the soldier and the prostitute are thought to be the members of the three oldest professions in the world. However popular this myth may be, it is incorrect. There is a fourth 'oldest' profession, one that may in fact be older than the ancient institutions of church, army and brothel. This fourth profession is that of the astrologer. Believe it or not, believe in it or not, astrology has been around since the beginning of the 'civilized' world and probably originated long before human beings began to live together in cities (the meaning of the word 'civilization').

Astrology has served, in one way or another, the other three antiquarians of church, army and brothel. The astrologer has been a priest in some cultures. Great soldiers in history have consulted the astrologer. Great generals of the ilk of Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar sought the guidance of the stars. As far as prostitution is concerned, the astrologer has no doubt consorted with prostitutes for one reason or another and has also prostituted the venerable art of this elder science by filling Sunday Papers and Women's magazines with entertaining daily forecasts.

In fact, there is a traditional astrological discipline for daily forecasting, though this is by nature general in that it must cover the activities of one twelfth of the population for each forecast. However, it is also important to note that not all astrologers practise it well. Also, it should be noted that actual astrologers do not always write the forecasts in magazines and newspapers, so what is written is thus not astrology, no matter what the papers call it.

You have to read the label before you know the worth of the goods.
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« Reply #44 on: March 26, 2008, 09:28:37 am »









Astrology in History



It's important to remember that despite modern-day skepticism, astrology has a long and venerable history.

The greatest thinkers and philosophers of Greece and Rome were astrologers.

In the Elizabethan and Stuart eras in British history, every trained physician was an astrologer.

The greatest herbalist in the history of medicine, Nicholas Culpeper, was a gifted astrologer.

Galileo Galilei was astronomer and astrologer.

Sir Isaac Newton was both astrologer and alchemist while busily at work inventing calculus and discovering the laws of gravity.

Napier, inventor of logarithms, was an astrologer.

Even in the body of the Catholic Church which has both decried and condemned the art of astrology in more recent times, two great theologians, Saint Augustine and Saint Thomas Aquinas saw the practice of astrology as consistent with a belief in God. Nonetheless, the Church still condemns the ancient art and many modern Christians believe it to be the devil's work.

Science has taken a hand in the proceedings as well. The 'age of reason' relegated astrology to the realms of superstition and even now many scientists take obsessive and irrational delight in pouring scorn upon its practice in order to disprove it.

Regardless of these assaults, astrology is resurgent in the current era.

For anyone who reads, watches TV or surfs the net, there are readings, predictions and services of all kinds. Every island of information in the seemingly endless stream of 'dot.coms' across the worldwide web has the daily blast for each sign of the Zodiac.

Despite the fact that many people claim not to believe in it, astrology is more than ever a subject widely written upon and widely read.
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