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the Egypt/Atlantis Connection

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johnee
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« on: February 25, 2007, 08:03:32 pm »

To continue…

The first empire established under the rule of Sargon of Akkad was between about 4300 and 4200 years ago on the broad flat alluvial plain between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Akkadian imperialism linked the productive but remote rain-fed agricultural lands of northern Mesopotamia with the irrigation agriculture tracts of southern Mesopotamian cities.

But after about a hundred years of prosperity the Akkadian Empire collapsed abruptly and archaeological evidence documents widespread abandonment of the agricultural plains of northern Mesopotamia and dramatic influxes of refugees into southern Mesopotamia, where populations swelled. A 180-km-long wall called "Repeller of the Amorites," was built across central Mesopotamia to stem nomadic incursions to the south. Resettlement of the northern plains by smaller, sedentary populations only occurred about 300 years after this collapse.

The stratigraphic level representing the collapse, at Tell Leilan in Northeast Syria is overlain by a meter-thick accumulation of fine sediments suggesting a sudden shift to more arid conditions.
Social collapse evidently occurred despite archaeological evidence that the Akkadians had implemented grain storage and water regulation technologies to buffer themselves against the large inter-annual variations in rainfall that characterise this region.

The onset of sudden aridification in Mesopotamia near 4100 years ago coincided with a widespread cooling in the North Atlantic, during this event Atlantic subpolar and subtropical surface waters cooled by 1° to 2°C. The headwaters of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers are fed by elevation-induced capture of winter Mediterranean rainfall.
Analysis of the modern instrumental record shows that large (50%) year-to-year reductions in Mesopotamian water supply result when sub-polar Northwest Atlantic Sea surface temperatures are anomalously cool.

The aridification of Mesopotamia near 4200 calendar years ago may thus have been related to the onset of cooler sea surface temperatures in the North Atlantic, the ultimate cause of which has not yet been elucidated.
Equally obscure is why similar cooling did not trigger similar droughts.

The example of such a "mega-drought" and its dire consequences is particularly revealing of the vulnerability of complex societies to abrupt changes in our current climate. One would think that the last 11,000 years have been rather uneventful and this is quite true in terms of temperature changes in Greenland. However, we see here marked regional changes in precipitation spanning entire decades or even centuries in the above case and I have drawn your attention to it because according to legends this was the time and the place of the ‘Great Deluge’ That also coincides rather neatly with the construction of the Great Pyramids of IV dynasty Egypt.

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