Major plague outbreaks
This list contains famous or well-documented outbreaks of plagues or disease. They are examined in individual entries:
* European plague (1400 BC)[2]
o causal agent: unknown
* Great Plague of Athens (430–427 BC)
o causal agent: bubonic plague/smallpox/measles/typhus/anthrax/typhoid?
* Antonine Plague (165–180)
o causal agent: smallpox/measles?
* Plague of Cyprian (250)
o causal agent: smallpox/measles?
* Plague of Justinian (541–542)
o causal agent: bubonic plague or possibly viral hemorrhagic plague
* Plague of Emmaus (18 A.H. / 639 A.D.)
o causal agent: unknown
* Plague of Constantinople (747–748)
* The "Black Death" of 1347–1351:[1][3]
o Great Plague of England (1348–1350)
+ causal agent: hemorrhagic plague
o Great Plague of Ireland (1348–1351)
+ causal agent: hemorrhagic plague
o Great Plague of Scotland (1348–1350)
+ causal agent: hemorrhagic plague
o Great Plague of Portugal, the so called Peste Negra (black plague) (1348–1348?), the year of the Black Plague
+ causal agent: hemorrhagic plague
o Great Plague of Russia (1349–1353)
+ causal agent: hemorrhagic plague
* Great Plague of Iceland (1402–1404)[1]
o causal agent: hemorrhagic plague
* American Epidemics (Results of Columbian Exchange) (1492-1950s?)
o causal agent: cholera, influenza, malaria, measles, scarlet fever, smallpox, tuberculosis, typhoid, yellow fever
* Plague of 1575, Italy, Sicily and segments of Northern Europe (1571–1576)
o causal agent: hemorrhagic plague
* London Plague (1592–1594)
o causal agent: hemorrhagic plague
* Italian Plague of 1629–1631 or Great Plague of Milan (1629–1631)
o causal agent: hemorrhagic plague
* Plague causing the end of the Ming Dynasty in China (1641-1644)
o causal agent: unknown
* Great Plague of Seville (1649)
o causal agent: hemorrhagic plague
* Great Plague of London (1665–1666)
o causal agent: hemorrhagic plague
* Great Plague of Vienna (1679–1670s)
o causal agent: hemorrhagic plague
* Great Plague of Marseille (1720–1722)
o causal agent: possibly bubonic plague?
* Russian plague of 1770-1772
o causal agent: possibly bubonic plague?
* The Third Pandemic, originated in China (1855–1950s)
o causal agent: bubonic plague.
* 1994 plague epidemic in Surat
o causal agent: possibly pneumonic plague?