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Roman Architecture: Engineering an Empire
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Message #20947
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Topic: Roman Architecture: Engineering an Empire (Read 4165 times)
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Krystal Coenen
Superhero Member
Posts: 4754
Re: Roman Architecture: Engineering an Empire
«
Reply #45
on:
July 16, 2007, 05:35:40 pm »
Fanum
The Romans used the Latin word fanum meaning "sacred precinct" for other cultic sites that did not contain a temple, such as the early sacred site of the grove of Diana Nemorensis ("Diana of Nemi") and 'temples' of divinities other than those traditionally revered by their native paganism, the state religion.
Like the corresponding Latin adjective, fanaticus, the modern word fanatic still reflects the disapproval by pious traditional Romans of various exotic religious practices.
Nevertheless under the empire some of the imported cults, mainly from conquered people, such as the Persian Mithras and Egyptian divinities such as the mother-goddess Isis and Serapis (for his fanum the specific term serapeum was used) would gain great popularity, demonstrated in rich temple cults. The temple of Isis and Serapis in the Campus Martius, built of Egyptian materials and in the Egyptian style to house the Hellenized cult of the Egyptian deity Isis, is typical of the heterogeneity of later Roman religious monuments.
The word became part of several Roman place names, notably Fanum Voltumnae (possibly Viterbo or Montefiascone), Fanum Martis Famars or Fanum Fortunae (modern Fano)
They would only be virtually wiped out together with the Roman paganism after Christianity was officially adopted by the Roman Empire. The word temple would be transferred to its churches, as well as synagogues; occasionally fanum was also used as such, e.g. Fanum S. Andreae for Santander.
List of Roman Temples
Temples and Locations Within Rome:
Temple to All the Gods (Pantheon) - Campus Martinus
Temple Antonio and Faustina - Roman Forum
Temple of Apollo - Palatine Hill
Temple of Apollo Sosianus - Near the Theater of Marcellus
Temple of Bellona - Near the Theater of Marcellus
Temple of Caesar - Roman Forum
Temple of Castor and Pollux - In the Roman Forum
Temple of Concord - Roman Forum at the base of the Capitoline
Temple of Cybele (Magna Mater) - Palatine Hill
Temple of Hadrian - Campus Martius (Built into Chamber of Commerce building)
Temple of Hercules Victor
Temple of Isis and Serapis - Campus Martius
Temple of Juno Moneta - Capitoline Hill
Temple of Jupiter (Capitoline Hill) - Capitoline Hill (under Palazzo Conservatori)
Temple of Mars Ultor - Forum of Augustus
Temple of Minerva - Formerly in the Forum Transitorum
Temple of Peace - Forum of Peace (now mostly covered by Via Dei Fori Imperiali)
Temple of Portunus - Near Santa Maria in Cosmedan
Temple of Romulus - Roman Forum
Temple of Saturn - West end of the Roman Forum
Temple of Siriaco - Janiculum Hill
Temple of Venus and Rome - Northeast corner of the Roman Forum
Temple of Venus Genetrix - Forum of Caesar
Temple of the Vestals - Roman Forum
Temple of Veiovus - Capitoline Hill (Basement of Palazzo Senatorio)
Locations Outside Rome:
Maison Carrιe - Nimes, Southern France
Temple of Rome and Augustus - Pula, Croatia
Temple of Bacchus - Baalbek, Lebanon
Temple of Vesta - Tivoli
Temple of Augusta and Livia - Vienne, France
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