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Oldest Human Settlement In Aegean Unearthed On Limnos Island
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Bianca
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Oldest Human Settlement In Aegean Unearthed On Limnos Island
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on:
June 26, 2009, 04:02:41 pm »
Oldest human settlement in Aegean unearthed on Limnos island
June 26, 2009
The ruins of the oldest human settlement in the Aegean found so far have been unearthed in archaeological excavations by a team of Greek, Italian and American archaeologists on the island of Limnos, headed by Thessaloniki Aristotle University (AUTH) professor of Prehistoric Archaeology Nikos Efstratiou.
The excavation began in early June and the finds brought to light so far, mainly stone tools of a high quality, are from the Epipaleolithic Period approximately 14,000 years ago. The finds indicate a settlement of hunters, food-collectors and fishermen of the 12th millennium BC.
Until now, it was believed that the oldest human presence in the Aegean had been located in the Archipelagos of the so-called Cyclops Cave on the rocky islet Yioura, north of the island of Alonissos, and at the Maroula site on Kythnos island, dating to circa 8,000 (8th millennium) BC.
The excavations are being conducted at the Ouriakos site on the Louri coast of Fyssini in Moudros municipality on Limnos, with the assistance of the municipality and funding by the Institute for Aegean Prehistory (INSTAP).
Linmos is considered to be a region with signficant prehistoric archaeological finds, such as the Poliochne settlement that was inhabited from the middle of the 5th millennium BC to the end of the 2nd millennium BC, and the Koukonesi islet settlement dating approximately to the same chronological period, from the Early to the Late Bronze Ages.
http://www.ana-mpa.gr/anaweb/user/showplain?maindoc=7735875&maindocimg=7735858&service=144
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Bianca
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Re: Oldest Human Settlement In Aegean Unearthed On Limnos Island
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June 26, 2009, 04:09:07 pm »
GREECE AND AEGEAN ISLANDS
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Bianca
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Re: Oldest Human Settlement In Aegean Unearthed On Limnos Island
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June 26, 2009, 04:13:16 pm »
LEMNOS/LIMNOS ISLAND
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June 26, 2009, 04:35:58 pm »
L I M N O S / L E M N O S
Lemnos (mod. Limnos Greek: Λήμνος), an island in the northern part of the Aegean Sea.
The island, part of the Greek prefecture of Lesbos, is of considerable size: the area has been estimated at 476 km˛ (150 sq.mi). A great part is mountainous, but some very fertile valleys exist. The hillsides afford pasture for sheep.
A few mulberry and fruit trees grow, but no olives.
The chief towns are Myrina on the western coast, and Mudros on the southern coast. Myrina (aka Kastro) possesses an excellent harbour, and is the seat of all the trade carried on with the island.
Mythic Lemnos
In ancient times the island was sacred to Hephaestus, who as the legend tells fell on Lemnos when his father Zeus hurled him headlong out of Olympus. There he was cared for by the Sinties, according to Iliad I:590ff or by Thetis (Apollodorus, Library I:3.5), and there with a Thracian nymph Cabiro (a daughter of Proteus) he fathered a tribe called the Cabiroides. Sacred rites dedicated to them were performed in the island.
Statistics
Prefecture: Lesbos Prefecture
Capital: Myrina
Location:
Latitude:
Longitude:
39.8/39 °42' N.
26 ° E
Area: 476 km ˛
Population: (2001)
18104
Elevation:
-lowest:
-centre:
-highest:
Aegean Sea
central part
Area/distance code: 11-30-22540
Postal code: 814 xx
Municipalities: 4
Communities: 1
Municipal code: -x
Car designation: MH
Name of inhabitants: Lemnian sing.
-s pl.
Website:
www.lemnos.gr
Hephaestus' forge, which was located on Lemnos, as well as the name Aethaleia, sometimes applied to it, points to its volcanic character. It is said that fire occasionally blazed forth from Mosychlos, one of its mountains; and Pausanias relates that a small island called Chryse, off the Lemnian coast, was swallowed up by the sea. All volcanic action is now extinct.
The name Lemnos is said by Hecataeus to have been a title of Cybele among the Thracians, and the earliest inhabitants are said to have been a Thracian tribe, called by the Greeks Sinties, i.e. "the robbers".n
Apollodorus (Epitome I:9) records that when Dionysus found Ariadne abandoned on Naxos, he brought her to Lemnos and there fathered Thoas, Staphylus, Oenopion, and Peparethus. Pliny in Natural History (xxxvi. 13) speaks of a remarkable labyrinth in Lemnos, which has not been identified in modern times.
According to a famous legend the women were all deserted by their husbands for Thracian women, and in revenge they murdered every man on the island. From this barbarous act, the expression Lemnian deeds became proverbial. The Argonauts landing soon after found only women in the island, ruled over by Hypsipyle, daughter of the old king Thoas. From the Argonauts and the Lemnian women were descended the race called Minyae, whose king Euneus, son of Jason and Hypsipyle, sent wine and provisions to the Greeks at Troy. The Minyae were expelled by a Pelasgian tribe who came from Attica. The historical element underlying these traditions is probably that the original Thracian people were gradually brought into communication with the Greeks as navigation began to unite the scattered islands of the Aegean; the Thracian inhabitants were primitive in comparison with the Greek mariners.
The worship of Cybele was characteristic of Thrace, whither it spread from Asia Minor at a very early period, and it deserves notice that Hypsipyle and Myrina (the name of one of the chief towns) are Amazon names, which are always connected with Asiatic Cybele-worship.
In another legend localized in Lemnos, Philoctetes was left there by the Greeks on their way to Troy; and there he suffered ten years' agony from his wounded foot, until Odysseus and Neoptolemus induced him to accompany them to Troy. He is said by Sophocles to have lived beside Mount Hermaeus, which Aeschylus makes one of the beacon points to flash the news of Troy's downfall home to Argos. (Ancient Communication methods)
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June 26, 2009, 04:38:47 pm »
LEMNOS STELE
Homer speaks as if there were one town in the island called Limnos, but in historical times there was no such place. There were two towns, Myrina, now Kastro, and Hephaestia. The latter was the chief town; its coins are found in considerable number, the types being sometimes the Athenian goddess and her owl, sometimes native religious symbols, the caps of the Dioscuri, Apollo, etc. Few coins of Myrina are known. They belong to the period of Attic occupation, and bear Athenian types. A few coins are also known which bear the name, not of either city, but of the whole island.
A trace of the pre-Greek language, Limnian, is found on a 6th century inscription on a funerary stele, the Lemnos stele (see above).
Coming down to a better authenticated period, we find that Limnos was conquered by Otanes, one
of the generals of Darius I of Persia but was soon (510 BC) reconquered by Miltiades, the tyrant of
the Thracian Chersonese. Miltiades afterwards returned to Athens, and Lemnos continued an Athenian
possession till the Macedonian empire absorbed it.
The Romans declared it free in 197 BC, but gave it over in 166 to Athens, which retained nominal possession
of it till the whole of Greece was made a Roman province.
After the division of the empire, Limnos passed under the Byzantine emperors; it shared in the vicissitudes of
the eastern provinces, being alternately in the power of Greeks, Italians and Turks,
till finally the Turkish sultans became supreme in the Aegean.
In 1476 the Venetians and Greek Byzantines successfully defended Kotschinos against a Turkish siege; but in
1657 Kastro was captured by the Turks after a siege of sixty-three days. Kastro was again besieged by Russia
in 1770.
In 1912, Limnos became part of Greece during the First Balkan War.
http://wiki.phantis.com/index.php/Limnos
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