THE COMET CATASTROPHE OF c.2345 BC

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THE COMET CATASTROPHE OF c.2345 BC - 2

(The Kermorvan menhir, Brittany, France)

© Copyright: 14 February 2009
Dr. R.M. de Jonge, drsrmdejonge@hotmail.com

    SUMMARY

    The menhir of Kermorvan and the comet grave of Mougau-Bihan were built on exactly the same latitude line in Brittany, France. The menhir of Kermorvan at Le Conquet, on the western tip of the peninsula, has a rare petroglyph of the giant Comet, which caused the Catastrophe of c.2345 BC. It shows that the planet Earth passed through the tail of this Comet (or Comet Swarm) during two months, and that the whole Catastrophe lasted for four months. A precipitation of about seven meters of water during these days caused terrible floodings, in which about half of the people died. It happened at the start of the Sixth Dynasty of Egypt (c.2370-2189 BC), which leaded to the end of the Old Kingdom.

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THE MENHIR OF KERMORVAN

Originally, this menhir (Fig.1) was situated at the coast near Le Conquet, at the westernmost tip of Brittany. This is at a distance of 60km due west of the comet grave of Mougau-Bihan, discussed in a previous article.25 The site provides a splendid view over the Ocean. At the start of the twentieth century the Stone was found here on the narrow Kermorvan peninsula, �projecting from the side of a small elliptical mound�. In the center of this mound �a rectangular cavity lined with dry-stone walling� was excavated. �Apparently�, it was �a Bronze Age type burial mound, but no burials or grave goods were found�.6 Now, the menhir is exposed to the public in the Prehistoric Museum of Penmarch, at St. Gu�nol�, 70km SE of the site (Fig.1).

The granite menhir (standing stone) has a height of 180cm, and width of 55cm (Fig.2). The upper part was steeply bevelled, and subsequently smoothened, over a large surface area. Its flat front side bears a unique petroglyph, widely considered as a true enigma. Most archaeologists believe it is a rare type of �dagger�.6 However, we are convinced it is the image of a hugh Comet, because it resembles the comet glyphs of Mougau-Bihan and other, related monuments. At the top the head or coma is shown. This part of the Stone was carefully picked and dressed (see Fig.2). Below it, the wide section of the tail was engraved. Further below, it was narrowed down, because this part of the tail was thin and transparent. The whole Stone has the shape of the glyph, and the smoothened top of it resembles the front side of the Comet. It supports the astronomic interpretation of the petroglyph.

At both sides an encircled dot is visible, twice representing the planet Earth. In the east (right) the Earth appears to enter the tail, and in the west (left) the Earth left it, again. This view is in agreement with the Sunreligion, because in the east lies the �Land of the Living�, and in the west is the �Realm of the Dead�.1,2 The deep, outer engravings of both circles illustrate it was a cosmic collision. The suggested path through the tail shows the Earth passed just below the head of the Comet. It can appropriately be called a nearly-missed collision. The horizontal piece of line lower on the Stone shows this path in a factual way. The natural reliefs at both sides are the �edges� of the tail, again. The head or coma was not engraved in the petroglyphs of Mougau-Bihan, and elsewhere, because the collision did not happen with the head of the Comet (or the center of the Comet Swarm).25

Until now, almost all megalithic petroglyphs had geographic meanings.1-5 This particular petroglyph has besides an astronomic meaning (see above), also a geographic meaning (Fig.3). The whole figure also represents the North Atlantic Ocean. At the top is an accurate coast map of the whole island of Greenland (dressed). Before the discovery of America, from 3300 to 2500 BC, it was the westernmost area of the then known world. The SE Coast of Greenland is clearly shown, with Cape Brewster in the east, and Cape Farvel in the south.

Below the dressed part of the glyph is a curved line, representing the sailing route around South Greenland.1-5 It starts at Iceland (the dot), proceeds around Cape Farvel, and finishes at the West Coast of Greenland, near the shortest crossing to Baffin Island, at 66o N. The crossing to America has not been engraved, because that is not what the petroglyph is about. The little round in the east represents Brittany, where the menhir of Kermorvan is situated. The little round in the west is the island of Newfoundland, at the same latitude. Here, the East Cape of North America is located .1-5 Below the whole inscription the horizontal line is shown, again. The natural reliefs at both sides represent the shores of Europe and North America, respectively. The horizontal carving is the latitude line of Brittany and Newfoundland, at 48o N. It is at the level of Le Conquet, Brittany, where the menhir of Kermorvan is located.

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Below the eastern dot (Brittany), the global coast line of South Europe was engraved. Beneath it, at the level of the squeezed part, runs the sailing route from Madeira, via the Canaries, to the Cape Verde Islands. At the bottom is the Southern Crossing of the Ocean, at the level of the equator. The west side of the petroglyph does not show details of the coast of America, but merely follows the contourline of the tail of the Comet. Note, that this big Comet Catastrophe, c.2345 BC, occurred about 150 years after the discovery of America via the Atlantic (c.2500 BC).1-5,11-22,24

The petroglyph indicates the Comet had the size of the �North Atlantic Ocean, from the North Pole until the equator�. The head or coma resembled �Greenland, consisting of ice and stone�. This part of the glyph, and the sailing route just below it, suggest it was bitterly cold during the Disaster (dis= evel, aster= star). The tail resembled the �Ocean, predominantly consisting of a hugh amount of water�. The worst features of the Catastrophe were the massive inundations, which are described in the Bible as the Deluge, or the Flood.13,14 Note, that the Kermorvan menhir is almost situated in the Ocean, on the westernmost tip of Brittany! One presumed the tail developped because of �evaporation of the ice of the head of the Comet�, and that is correct. The Catastrophe was so severe, because the gravitational force of the Earth attracted a disproportional part of the tail to its surface.11-22

The two circles of the Comet glyph also represent two Moons (Fig.2). So, these have double meanings. Each Moon symbolizes a time period of a month, or 30 days. However, both Moons have a dot inside. So, each of them represent a double month, or 60 days. The south point of Greenland, at 60o N, confirms this meaning. The encircled dot at the right side indicates the Earth passed through the tail of this Comet during two months (60 days). The southern course of the sailing route from Iceland, with its many volcanos, suggests hugh forest-fires because of falling rocks. The rest of the sailing route suggests torrential rains and tremendous floodings everywhere. It was completely dark on Earth.

The encircled dot at the left side indicates the two months after it, when the planet Earth tried to recover. This time period is symbolized by the unusual sailing route around the North of Greenland, back to its East Coast (the deep carving around the top of the glyph). Heavy showers, snow and hail storms continued, and it was bitterly cold, because the whole climate was disrupted.11-22 It was a Worldwide Catastrophe. The complementary latitude of the south point of Greenland refers to the Nile Delta, at 90o - 60o = 30o N. People hoped that the Egyptian Sun God Ra would save their lifes.

The distance between Britanny and Newfoundland equals 30 Egyptian moiras, or 30�, confirming the 30 days of a month. This distance is repeated by the horizontal piece of line on the lower part of the Stone. A little (natural) bow at the right side of it points to the edge of the Stone. So, we have to look to its dimensions. The height of the Kermorvan menhir corresponds to a precipitation of 1.80 meters of water per month. So, the total precipitation during the Catastrophe was 4x1.80= 7.20 meters of water in four months. It should be compared to the normal precipitation in West Brittany of about 1 meter per year! Several very high menhirs in NW Brittany, ranging in height from 7 to 9.5 meters, confirm this conclusion (Fig.4). 7-10,23

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The comet grave of Mougau-Bihan, with the greatest collection of comet glyphs in Brittany, appears to be the most important monument of the big Comet Catastrophe of c.2345 BC. Both the menhir of Kermorvan and this grave are situated on the exact latitude line of 48.4�N. It encodes a world population of 4.84 million men before the Disaster. This latitude line also plays an important role in the petroglyph of Kermorvan (see above). It appears to be symbolic for the number of victims. The relative latitude amounts to (48.4/90)x100= 53.8, suggesting a mortality of 54%. So, more than half of the people died: 2.60 million men. The two circles at both sides of the Kermorvan glyph appear to support it. The circle at the left side symbolizes the Realm of the Dead. The carving is deeper, and slightly bigger than the circle at the right side, confirming that more than half of the people perished. In addition, most of the survivors were seriously injured.

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DATING

The comet petroglyph of Kermorvan consists of six separate carvings, which can be best described using the geographic interpretation (fig.3): the Ocean below, Greenland above, the sailing route below it, the sailing route above it, Brittany (dot, right), and Newfoundland (dot, left). When these carvings are counted in this order, they represent the first six dynasties of Egypt. Brittany symbolizes the Fifth Dynasty, and Newfoundland represents the Sixth Dynasty (c.2370-2189 BC). The petroglyph shows, that the Comet Catastrophe ended the Fifth Dynasty, and that it happened at the start of the Sixth Dynasty (c.2370 BC).

The menhir of Kermorvan itself might represent the first king Teti (c.2370-2338 BC). The Comet Catastrophe happened during his reign. Note, that our word of �testament� is derived from the name of this king. Note also, the thin, horizontal stroke lower on the Stone. It is the seventh carving, symbolic for the millions of people on Earth (a number of seven figures) at the time of the Seventh Dynasty. It may suggest, that the Catastrophe also resulted in the end of the Sixth Dynasty (c.2189 BC), about 180 years later. It was the end of the Old Kingdom of Egypt. (Originally, this meaning was probably not intended.) The two dots and the seven carvings confirm the two million casualties (a number of seven figures). The total of six carvings of the Comet glyph indicate an additional six hundred thousand casualties (a number of six figures). So, the menhir of Kermorvan confirms the total of 2.6 million casualties.

The Kermorvan menhir and the comet grave of Mougau-Bihan were made on the same latitude line, just after the Big Catastrophe of 2345+/-5 BC. The date of Mougau-Bihan was discussed in our previous article.25 The Kermorvan menhir was made at about the same date, c.2300 BC. The accurate date of the Catastrophe was determined by Baillie with tree-ring dating.13,20 This year has been confirmed by five researchers of different disciplines in a variety of ways.11,14

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REFERENCES

1. Jonge, R.M. de, and Wakefield, J.S, How the Sungod Reached America, A Guide to Megalithic Sites, MCS Inc., 2002 (ISBN 0-917054-19-9). Available: MCS Inc., Box 3392, Kirkland, Wa 98083-3392, also on CD
2.Website: HOW THE SUN GOD REACHED AMERICA C2500 BC, Jonge, R.M. de, and Wakefield, J.S.
3. Jonge, R.M. de, and IJzereef, G.F., De Stenen Spreken, Kosmos Z&K, Utrecht/Antwerpen, 1996 (ISBN 90-215-2846-0) (Dutch)
4. Jonge, R.M. de, and Wakefield J.S., The Discovery of the Atlantic Islands, Migration & Diffusion, Vol.3, No.11, pgs.69-109 (2002)
5. Jonge, R.M. de, and Wakefield J.S., A Nautical Center for Crossing the Ocean, America�s Stonehenge, New Hampshire, c.2200 BC, Migration & Diffusion, Vol.4, No.15, pgs.60-100 (2002)
6. Twohig, E. Shee, The Megalithic Art of Western Europe, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1981
7. Briard, J., The Megaliths of Brittany, Gisserot, 1991
8. Balfour, M., Megalithic Mysteries - An Illustrated Guide to Europe�s Ancient Sites, Collins & Brown, 1992 (ISBN 1-85585-3558)
9. Giot, P.R., Prehistory in Brittany, Ed JOS (ISBN 2-85543-123-9)
10. Giot, P.R., Aimer la Bretagne, des Megalithes, Ed. Ouest France, 1995 (ISBN 2-7373- 1388-0) (French)
11. Peiser, B.J., Palmer, T., Bailey, M.E., Natural Catastrophes during Bronze Age Civilizations, BAR International Series 728, Oxford, 1998 (ISBN 0-86054-916-X)
12. Bruce Masse, W., Earth, Air, Fire, and Water, The Archaeology of Bronze Age Cosmic Catastrophes, Ref.11, pgs.53-92
13. Baillie, M.G.L., Hints that Cometary Debris played some Role in several Tree-Ring Dated Environmental Downturns in the Bronze Age, Ref.11, pgs.109-117.
14. Peiser, B.J., Evidence for a Global Disaster in the Late 3rd Millennium BC, Ref.11, pgs.117-140.
15. Courty, M.-A., The Soil Record of an Exceptional Event at 4000 BP in the Middle East, Ref.11, pgs.93-109.
16. Pankenier, D.W., Heaven-Sent: Understanding Cosmic Disaster in Chinese Myth and History, Ref.11, pgs.187-197
17. Clube, S.V.M., and Napier, W.M., The Cosmic Serpent, Faber and Faber, London, 1982
18. Clube, S.V.M., and Napier, W.M., The Cosmic Winter, Blackwell, Oxford, 1990
19. Joseph, F., Survivors of Atlantis, Their Impact on World Culture, Bear & Co., Vermont 2004 (ISBN 1-59143-0-040-2)
20. Baillie, M., Exodus to Arthur, Catastrophic Encounters with Comets, BT Batsford Ltd., London, 1999 (ISBN 0-7134-8681-3)
21. Palmer, T., Catastrophes, the Deluvial Evidence, Website: CATASTROPHES: THE DILUVIAL EVIDENCE
22. Grondine, E.P., Man and Impact in the Americas, Kempton, Illinois (2005) (ISBN 0- 9776152-0-0)
23. Cope, J., The Megalithic European, Element, London (2004) (ISBN 0-00-713802-4)
24. Jonge, R.M. de, and Wakefield J.S., The Discovery of the Atlantic Islands, Ancient American, Vol.13, No.81, pgs.18-25 (2009)
25. Jonge, R.M. de, The Comet Catastrophe of c.2345 BC (Mougau-Bihan, Commana, Brittany), to be published

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FIGURES

Fig.1 The Menhir of Kermorvan. We chalked the carving for better visibility with permission of the Museum Director. This petroglyph is the best written record by man of the big Comet Catastrophe of c.2345 BC. (Prehistoric Museum of Penmarch, St. Gu�nol�, Brittany, May 2005)

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Fig.2 The Menhir of Kermorvan6, astronomic interpretation. On top, the head of the Comet (dressed), consisting of ice and stones, and below the tail, containing a lot of water. The tail is narrowed, because it is thin and transparent. At the right side the Earth (the little circle) entering the tail, and at the left side the Earth (the other circle), leaving it. The horizontal line below on the stone is the path of the Earth through the tail of the Comet. (c.2300 BC, Le Conquet, Finist�re, now in Prehistoric Museum of Penmarch, St. Gu�nol�, Brittany)

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Fig.3 The Menhir of Kermorvan6, geographic interpretation. The whole petroglyph also represents the North Atlantic Ocean, from the North Pole to the equator. On top, the island of Greenland (dressed). Below it, the sailing route from Iceland (the dot), around South Greenland, to the West Coast. Above it, the unusual sailing route around North Greenland, back to the East Coast. The little round in the east represents Kermorvan, Brittany, and the little round in the west is Newfoundland. The horizontal line below on the stone is the latitude line between these locations, at 48o N. (c.2300 BC)

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Fig.4 One of the two Menhirs of Kergadiou, 14km north of Kermorvan. It has a height of 8.75 meters, corresponding to the precipitation during the Comet Catastrophe, which lasted more than four months. At the left side co-author Jay Wakefield.1-5 (Porspoder, Brittany, May 2005)
http://www.barry.warmkessel.com/barry/Kermorvan.html