The Index of The Bible According to Einstein
http://www.jupiterscientific.org/science/baeind.html The New Testament 13
The twenty-second book of Creation
and the first book of the New Testament, called
Homogenesis
And a line in time was drawn.
Chapter I: Australopithecus
And man was separated from the ape
and made to rule over flocks of sheep.
It was five-million years ago. The jungles of Africa were thick with vegetation trees strove to grow to be the highest trees; vines wrapped around their trunks; bushes stood in each other�s way; tall grasses grew wherever grass could grow. And the jungles were full of life, from the colonies of tiny ants dwelling in small mounds of earth, to the herds of giant elephants swinging long trunks as they strode forth. And Earth�s animals were free they were free to climb the trees, free to feed wherever food was found, free to roam the land. And birds of exotic colors flew from limb to limb. And giraffes did stretch their necks to reach for leaves. And crocodiles were on the lookout in the swamps. And screeching monkeys jumped chaotically in trees, while lonely lions roamed the wild.
And it came to pass that a thunderstorm swept over eastern central Africa. And rain streamed down in lines from clouds above and pelted trees and earth below. And it rained until the evening and then stopped. Now the next day when the Sun rose up, the last few clouds had fled. And heat began to bake the land. And vapors rose up everywhere and curled about Earth�s vegetation. And in the shade of jungle trees, mist condensed and did get thick. And a soft wind blew the mist about, making it turn as in a whirlpool. And the movement of the mist did seem to have a purpose, as if someone with a finger stirred it. And out of the steamy jungle and into an open field emerged an ape-like creature it was a female proto-hominid.1 And as she stretched her arms apart and received the rays of morning sun, the fur on her wide chest was warmed. Then she turned and disappeared into the jungle and was gone.
And the morning Sun inched up the sky. And mist did lift and earth did dry. The air was clear and fresh.
Now this female proto-hominid was different from the proto-hominids of the middle-Miocene, for she spent more time on land than in the trees. And when she ran, she ran on all four limbs she galloped awkwardly and slowly. But when she walked, it was with just her two hind limbs. And that left her two forelimbs thus dangling by her sides.
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1 Hominid means "man-like."
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14 The Bible According to Einstein
And that night, she slept in the safety of a sturdy bough. And a cosmic ray was sent from outer space. And the ray descended through the clouds to Earth and struck a piece of DNA2 within an egg-cell in her womb. And when the DNA did duplicate, it duplicated in a different way. And some changes in some genes were made.3
And many months went by. And it came to pass that the female proto-hominid gave birth. She held the newborn in her arms and nurtured him.
And many years went by. And the newborn grew into a healthy adolescent. But he was slightly different from his mother proto-hominid. Now he had long arms and short legs like her. But his mouth and chin were well forward while his forehead was receded. He had the body of an ape. And his face was as the face of a large chimpanzee. His teeth and skull were bigger than his mother�s. He was a beast that was more human-like. And these things would be true of his descendants.
And so it came to pass in Kenya that the proto-hominid evolved into the hominid. And this first hominid was provided with a name. And the name was australopithecus, which means the "southern ape." But australopithecus was not an ape australopithecus was an ape-man; he was part ape, part man. And this first australopithecus was more like an ape than like a man.
And australopithecines increased their numbers. But still, at this time in geo-history almost five-million years ago, the australopithecines did number few.
Now male australopithecines weighed roughly forty kilograms4 and they were somewhat taller than a meter,5 while female australopithecines were smaller one-fourth to one-half less. And these ape-women and ape-men had brains only slightly larger than an ape�s.
And in a jungle in East Africa, an ape-man reached up with his arms and grasped a tree-branch with his hands. And with one movement did he break it off. Then he stripped the short branch of its leaves and it became a stick. And he knelt down on earth. And the ape-man lowered his hands, which were interlocked about the stick. And he dug the dirt around a plant, grabbed the plant and pulled it up. And the plant possessed a dirty root. And the ape-man rubbed clean the root and ate of it.
And elsewhere in an open field, an ape-man placed a nut upon a large flat rock. And he grabbed a round stone in his right hand and he slammed it down. And the round stone struck the nut with force. And the nutshell broke in pieces.
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2 For the definitions of words such as DNA, see the Index/Glossary.
3 Genetic changes from cosmic rays are rare occurrences. More commonly are genetic changes created by other reasons: exposure to ultraviolet light, environmental poisoning, contact with certain chemicals, random errors in reproduction of DNA, et cetera.
4 Ninety pounds.
5 Thirty-nine inches.
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The New Testament 15
And a female australopithecus walked around while looking at the ground. And she spied a small sharp rock, picked it up and grabbed it with one hand. And grasping a sweet fruit in her other hand, she moved the sharp rock back and forth across the sweet fruit�s rind. And so the rind was grooved with several slits. Then she peeled away the rind and ate the juicy fruit inside.
And tens of thousands of years went by. And australopithecines did naturally evolve: Their teeth got stronger, for they spent much time in chewing hard fruits, tubers, nuts and roots. When walking, they leaned back a little more. The big toe on the foot moved closer to the other four. And when they ran, they ran on two legs, not on four. Thus their hands were free for doing other things. And so in moving forward and about, australopithecines looked a little different from before.
And they used their hands in many ways climbing trees, digging roots, grabbing nuts, peeling fruits, stripping trees of leaves, throwing rocks, holding food, and holding hands. And such daily tasks did lead to fingers with a greater flexibility and skill. And thumbs got stronger and more versatile.
And australopithecines walked through woods in search of nuts, pods, berries, vegetables and seeds. But their favorite food was fruit. And they often climbed the trees to pick bananas.
Now it happened that an ape-woman and ape-man were walking through the jungle. And nearby a lion crouched behind a bush. And by chance, the ape-man turned his head and spied the lion�s mane. The ape-man uttered a low sound and pointed with his finger. The ape-woman scampered to the nearest tree. The lion leaped. The ape-man�s mouth in a split instant opened wide; the lips curled back, displaying large white teeth. His vocal cords let loose a savage howl. The startled lion stopped. The ape-woman quickly climbed the tree. Then the ape-man turned and ran. The lion sprang again. The ape-man scrambled up the tree. The lion leaped and swung its paw. But the ape-man was well up the trunk and out of reach.
Thus it came to be that australopithecines used their brains to solve problems of defense and food.
Now ape-men shared the woodlands with the apes. And apes numbered more than ape-men. And although the body features and the faces of these two creatures looked about the same, the apes hunched over, using arms and knuckles like crutches when they hopped about, while ape-men walked more upright on two legs.
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16 The Bible According to Einstein
And those australopithecines, which had slightly larger brains, made better use of sticks and stones, invented different tricks for finding food, and learned resourceful ways to avoid hyenas, lions, leopards, jackals, wild dogs and cheetahs. And australopithecines with bigger brains lived longer lives and mated more. And they became more numerous. And the australopithecines with smaller brains fell victim to predators, went hungry and they mated less. And they became less numerous. And during hundreds of thousands of years, the brains of australopithecines got slightly larger.
And those australopithecines that were a little stronger fared better too. And when food was scarce, they overwhelmed the others for the food. And they could better defend themselves against Earth�s predators. And so the stronger australopithecines became more numerous. And with time, the smaller weaker australopithecines did number less.
Thus began the battle to be smarter, stronger, bigger.
And half-a-million years went by. And australopithecines had spread from Kenya into Ethiopia and Tanzania. And among the habitants of Ethiopia was one named "Lucy." Now Lucy lived for forty years. And when she died, her bones got buried in the ground. And luck would have it that the skull and bones of Lucy would survive unto this day. And in the year one-thousand-nine-hundred-seventy-four AD, her remains would be discovered in digs by paleontologists in Ethiopia. And from the bones, it would be known how Lucy looked. And at a site nearby, the remains of thirteen others like her also would be found. And because they lived together, they would be called "the first family."
And time passed and disappeared it was three-million years ago. Australopithecines had migrated to the southern part of Africa. Now they had a more spherical and larger head; inside the head was, compared with the first australopithecus, one-tenth more brain four-hundred-and-fifty cc�s6 of brain. And the neck was thinner and the nose was smaller, but still the nose was fairly large. And the teeth were more like human teeth. But the mouth and lower jaw still protruded like an ape�s.
And half-a-million years went by. And in eastern and in southern Africa, australopithecines progressed the struggle to survive had made them larger and more muscular. But in relation to their size, their brains were not much bigger. And when they walked, they were nearly upright. But they stuck to primitive ways rummaging for small dead animals to eat, digging with sticks, and hammering hard nuts with stones. And in a million years or so, this race would die. And nothing would remain of them or of their relatives but bones.7
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6 The abbreviation cc�s, pronounced "see-sees," stands for cubic centimeters.
7 The demise of australopithecus is understandable: australopithecus had been stronger but not significantly smarter. In the Pleistocene, "big was better but smart was best."
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The New Testament 17
Chapter II: Homo Habilis
Let there be man.
And let him have dominion over the fish of the sea,
and over the fowl of the air,
and over the beasts of the Earth,
and over every creeping thing that creepeth on the Earth.
And it was so.
And this happened on the sixth day
of the first month of a long lost year.
It was about two-million years ago. And it had come about that the craniums of some australopithecines in Kenya and in Tanzania had increased in size their skulls contained six-hundred-and-fifty cc�s of brain. And the "smarter australopithecus" was given a new name. And the name was homo habilis, which means "handy man."
Now the neck muscles of homo habilis were as the powerful neck muscles of the ape. And as for homo habilis, his forehead was receded. And he had bony cheeks, bushy eyebrows and a hairy face. But this ape-man was more man than ape. And compared with australopithecus, his jaw did not protrude as much. And his front teeth were smaller, thinner as well as sharper, and so for cutting and for tearing, they were better. And his hands were more adept.
And homo habilines lived in secluded habitats on land. And they rarely climbed up trees. They sometimes searched the countryside for animals that had been killed by predators. And they took the bones of recent kills and broke them open with a stone. And then ate they the marrow of the bones.
And fifty-thousand years went by and disappeared.
And with two strong hands, a homo habilis lifted up a heavy stone above his head. And he eased it forward and he let it go. And it landed on a large flat rock embedded in the earth. And the heavy stone broke into fragments. And among the fragments, one had one sharp edge. And he took this piece and kept it as a tool. Homo habilis had made a tool from stone this moment marked the start of the Stone Age.
