http://www.world-destiny.org/a34med.htmEtruscan Dynasty
Tarquinius Priscus 616-578
Servius Tullius 578-534
Tarquinius Superbus 534-509
The Etruscans used a language which also has not been identified. It cannot be classified as Indo-European; neither was it Semitic. Like Basque, which has survived as an island in a sea of Indo-European languages, Etruscan apparently belongs to other linguistic origins. While thousands of funerary inscriptions exist hardly any texts of length have been discovered. One was written on the wrappings of a mummy found in Egypt and another exists on a stone slab from Kaminia on the Greek island of Lemnos. Besides proper names and funerary expressions few words are known. Neither is much known of the Etruscan grammar.
Some scholars believe the Tyrrhenians originated in the Balkans, others believe they came from areas farther east in Scythia, or from Asia Minor. Herodotus said they came from Lydia. The remarkable onomastic (proper name) similarities between Etruria and Asia Minor also suggests ties with those regions. If they migrated from regions of the Black Sea, or if they came from Lydia, they could have left colonies scattered here and there in the Agean, including Lemnos. They implanted themselves upon a native Urnfield culture in Italy where they made their home.
The practice of cremation with the use of burial urns suggested to some German scholars that the Etruscans migrated from northern European regions. Viewed from north of the Alps this seems an attractive solution to their origins, but few scholars accept it today. This view ignores the fact that they not only cremated -- they also buried the bodies of their dead. Both practices continued in different regions of Etruria down into Roman times. Their exquisite tombs provided much of the information we have on them. Dionysius of Halicarnassus assessed the
writings of many ancient authors to claim that they were autochthonous. However, the presence of foreign cultural elements does not support this thesis that they developed from an indigenous population.
Etruscan Parallels With Latin
Etruscan pui, puia = "wife." Compare Latin, apparently derived forms, as
offspring of the wife, puer = "boy" and puella = "girl." Etruscan suplu
= "piper." Compare Latin subulo.
Etruscan Parallels With Indo-European
Etruscan ais, eis = "god," eiser = "gods," aisna = "divine or divine
service." Compare to Greek osios = "pious," "devout," "sacred." Also
compare with a common I-E root inflection of the verb "to be" = Sanskrit
as-, Greek es-, Latin es-, Gothic is-, and modern English is. A god is
one that Is.
Etruscan sacni, sacniu = "sacred place or action," and sacnisa =
"consecrate." Compare Latin sacer = "holy" and sacre = "devout"; also
English sacred.
Etruscan ama, ame, amce = "to be." Compare common I-E root in Sanskrit
asmi, Greek eimi, Gothic im, Irish am and English am, all from the first
person singular, from the verb "to be."
Etruscan verse = "fire" and versie = "concerning fire." Compare with
Umbrian pir, Greek pur, Dutch and Flemish vuur and vier, Old Teutonic
*fuir, from which we get our English "fire."
Etruscan papa = grandfather.
Etruscan nefis, nefts = "nephew." Compare Latin nepos = "nephew,"
"grandson," "descendent" and Old English nefa = "nephew," "stepson,"
"grandson," "second cousin," from whence modern English nephew. Note the
Latin "p" for "f" substitution.
Etruscan thruna = "power," "sovereignty." Compare Hesy****s with Greek
drouna. This word came into English via French, Latin thronus, and Greek
thronos = "elevated seat."
Etruscan maru, marunu, marniu, and so on = "magistrate." Compare with
Umbrian maro. Compare also with mary in Near Eastern texts = "noble or
warrior."
Etruscan cerur = "pottery" is found in English ceramic, (originally
keramic), from Greek keramicus = "pottery" and keramiki = "potter's
art."
Etruscan and Hebrew Parallels
Etruscan mula, muli, mulu, mulune, mulunice, and so on = "to dedicate."
Compare with Hebrew root mala4390 = "to fill," "be full" with its
derivative mallu = "consecration," Exod 29:22, Lev 8:33. From this
Hebrew root also is derived malak = "king," "angel," an ambassador from
God, a dedicated or consecrated one.
Etruscan suth, sutanas, suthce = "to place," "to stand." Also sathe,
sathena, sathene, sathas, setirune = "to establish." Compare Hebrew
sheeth7896 = "to settle down," and "to abide." In the Pi'el it means "to
settle down," and "to establish," as in one's residence. In the Hif'il
it means "to place," "to set in arrayBDB." Refer Exod 23:31, I Sam 2:8,
and so on. Note the anglicized Seth, Adam's son, a name derived from
this root. In Arabic sheth means the "seat," as the "buttocks," and also
"foundation."
Etruscan lauxume = "king," "prince." Compare with Latin lucumo. Compare
also with Hebrew lakham3898 = "fight," "engage in battle," "wage war."
See Brown, Driver and BriggsBDB.
Etruscan murs = "sarcophagus," "urn." Compare with Latin mors = "death,"
Sanskrit mara = "death," Irish marth = "dead," Lithuanian murti = "to
die," with Greek and Latin mort- whence "mortal" and with Old Teutonic
and Gothic murthro = "to die," whence English murder and mortify.
Compare also Latin mortuari and English mortuary. Also compare with
Hebrew mote4131 = "to waver," "slip," "fail," and muth4191 = "to die."
Etruscan also has mutna, and mutana, again, from limited context,
translated as sarcophagus.
Etruscan caru, carsi, caresri, cerine, and so on = "to make," "to
build." Compare with Hebrew kur6979 = "to trench," "throw forth," "wall
up," "build," but found in biblical application in the sense of estop
"from a wall," hence opposite in use: break down, cast out, destroy.
Inflected forms are keer7024, and kerah7023, and found in the Bible as
"wall," "town," and "fortress." See Lev 14:37, Ps 62:3. See also the
place name Kir and Kir-Haresh in Moab, and different inflections.
