Origins of the Earth

[Rebecca]

Colonization of land

For most of Earth’s history, there were no multicellular organisms on land. Parts of the surface may have vaguely resembled this view of Mars, one of Earth’s neighboring planets.[citation needed]As we have already seen, the accumulation of oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere resulted in the formation of ozone, forming a layer that absorbed much of the sun’s ultraviolet radiation. As a result, unicellular organisms that reached land were less likely to die, and prokaryotes began to multiply and become better adapted to survival out of the water. Prokaryotes had likely colonized the land as early as 2.6 billion years ago[43] (10:17 a.m.), prior even to the origin of the eukaryotes. For a long time, the land remained barren of multicellular organisms. The supercontinent Pannotia formed around 600 million years ago and then broke apart a short 50 million years later[44] (from about 8:50 p.m. to 9:05 p.m. on our imaginary clock). Fish, the earliest vertebrates, evolved in the oceans around 530 million years ago[45] (9:10 p.m). A major extinction event occurred near the end of the Cambrian period,[46] which ended 488 million years ago[47] (9:25 p.m.).

Several hundred million years ago, plants (probably resembling algae) and fungi started growing at the edges of the water, and then out of it.[48] The oldest fossils of land fungi and plants date to 480–460 million years ago (9:28–9:34 p.m.), though molecular evidence suggests the fungi may have colonized the land as early as 1000 million years ago (6:40 p.m.) and the plants 700 million years ago (8:20 p.m.).[49] Initially remaining close to the water’s edge, mutations and variations resulted in further colonization of this new environment. The timing of the first animals to leave the oceans is not precisely known: the oldest clear evidence is of arthropods on land around 450 million years ago[50] (9:40 p.m.), perhaps thriving and becoming better adapted due to the vast food source provided by the terrestrial plants. There is also some unconfirmed evidence that arthropods may have appeared on land as early as 530 million years ago[51] (9:12 p.m.). At the end of the Ordovician period, 440 million years ago (9:40 p.m.), additional extinction events occurred, perhaps as a result of a concurrent ice age.[52] Around 380 to 375 million years ago (10:00 p.m.) the first tetrapods evolved from the fish.[53] It is thought that perhaps fins evolved to become limbs which allowed the first tetrapods to lift their heads out of the water to breathe air. This would let them survive in oxygen-poor water or pursue small prey in shallow water.[53] They may have later ventured on land for brief periods. Eventually, some of them became so well adapted to terrestrial life that they spent their adult lives on land, although they hatched in the water and returned to lay their eggs. This was the origin of the amphibians. About 365 million years ago (10:04 p.m.), another period of extinction occurred, perhaps as a result of global cooling.[54] Plants evolved seeds, which dramatically accelerated their spread on land, around this time (by approximately 360 million years ago or 10 o’clock).[55], [56]

 
Pangaea, the most recent supercontinent, existed from 300 to 180 million years ago. The outlines of the modern continents and other land masses are indicated on this map.Some twenty million years later (340 million years ago,[57] 10:12 p.m. on our clock), the evolution of the amniotic egg allowed eggs to be laid on land, certainly a survival advantage for the tetrapod embryos. This resulted in the divergence of amniotes from amphibians. Another thirty million years (310 million years ago,[58] 10:22 p.m.) saw the divergence of the synapsids (including mammals) from the sauropsids (including birds and non-avian, non-mammalian reptiles). Of course, other groups of organisms continued to evolve and lines diverged—in fish, insects, bacteria, and so on—but not as much is known of the details. 300 million years ago (10:25 p.m.) the most recent supercontinent formed, called Pangaea. The most severe extinction event to date took place 250 million years ago (10:40 p.m. on our clock), at the boundary of the Permian and Triassic periods; 95% of life on Earth died out,[59] possibly as a consequence of the Siberian Traps volcanic event. The discovery of a crater hidden under the East Antarctic Ice Sheet has risen up a new theory that a meteor caused the mass extinction and possibly began the breakup of the Gondwana supercontinent by creating the tectonic rift that pushed Australia northward.[60] But life persevered, and around 230 million years ago [61] (10:47 p.m. on our clock), dinosaurs split off from their reptilian ancestors. An extinction event between the Triassic and Jurassic periods 200 million years ago (10:56 p.m.) spared many of the dinosaurs,[62] and they soon became dominant among the vertebrates. Though some of the mammalian lines began to separate during this period, existing mammals were probably all small animals resembling shrews.[63] By 180 million years ago (11:03 p.m.), Pangaea broke up into Laurasia and Gondwana. The boundary between avian and non-avian dinosaurs is not clear, but Archaeopteryx, traditionally considered one of the first birds, lived around 150 million years ago (11:12 p.m.).[64] The earliest evidence for the angiosperms evolving flowers is during the Cretaceous period, some twenty million years later (132 million years ago, 11:18 p.m.)[65] Competition with birds drove many pterosaurs to extinction, and the dinosaurs were probably already in decline for various reasons[66] when, 65 million years ago (11:39 p.m.), a 10-kilometer meteorite likely struck Earth just off the Yucatán Peninsula, ejecting vast quantities of particulate matter and vapor into the air that occluded sunlight, inhibiting photosynthesis. Most large animals, including the non-avian dinosaurs, became extinct.[67], marking the end of the Cretaceous period and Mesozoic era. Thereafter, in the Paleocene epoch, mammals rapidly diversified, grew larger, and became the dominant vertebrates. Perhaps a couple of million years later (around 63 million years ago, 11:40 p.m.), the last common ancestor of all the primates lived.[68] By the late Eocene epoch, 34 million years ago (11:49 p.m.), some terrestrial mammals had returned to the oceans to become animals such as Basilosaurus which would later give rise to the dolphins and whales.[69]

[Rebecca]

Pangaea, the most recent supercontinent, existed from 300 to 180 million years ago. The outlines of the modern continents and other land masses are indicated on this map.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_earth

[Mark of Australia]

Wow ,Rebecca ,lots of nice pics , I bet you study biology of the early Earth huh,  It's fascinating , as for the RNA and all that talk of cells it pretty much baffles me , I have not studied that . But the one thing I have thought about on that subject is the whole problem of the origin of life itself. How did it start? It seems that we can trace it back real far but up to a certain point it becomes speculation ,and I cannot understand how they can get life starting from a jumbling of chemicals,I don't think you said that ,but I have heard some scientists say that life could start from a lucky chance mixing of chemicals. This does not wash with me. How bout you ? 

I have speculated about the 'essence' of life .Where I am at is basically that this essence could be considered a 'dimension' in the sense of the word as it is understood in Physics.  you have the spatial dimensions and time and what about the 'essence of life ' as another dimension ,simply because life as we know it is distinct from the the spatial dimensions and time and energy(oh I forgot energy lol ) ,but I guess energy is not considered a dimension ,but it constitutes one of the characteristics of this universe.Physicists only consider the physical universe of inanimate objects and forces, and they consider the biology of Earth as out of bounds ,but if they want a complete theory of the universe they must surely acknowledge the fact that we exist and then account for it...  So maybe the essence of life permeates the entire universe but only forms life as we know it at the 'happy medium' places like Earth that have the right variables,light ,water etc.

I am rambling aren't I  ,ok sorry 

About that pic of Pangaea , The expanding Earth explanation creates a much more elegant picture ,which I think is correct too  ,
I think northern Argentina/southern Brazil way should be flush with the coast of Antarctica. Africa should not be wedged in between.

[Rebecca]

Hi Mark,

All good questions, my major emphasis at school is the origins of the earth, the universe and the beginnings of life. I can't say for certain that I know what the catalyst was for RNA because I don't think that quetion has been answered yet. 

The basic transtitions of evolution were laid out pretty well in a book written by John Maynard Smith and Eörs Szathmáry, though:

The Major Transitions in Evolution is a  (Oxford University Press, 1995).

Transitions described in the book

1.   Replicating molecules
to   Populations of molecules in compartments
Can't observe
2.   Independent replicators (probably RNA)
to   Chromosomes

3.   RNA as both genes and enzymes
to   DNA as genes, proteins as enzymes

4.   Prokaryotes
to   Eukaryotes
Can observe
5.   Asexual clones
to   sexual populations — evolution of sex

6.   Protists
to   multicellular organisms — animals, plants fungi evolution of multicellularity

7.   Solitary individuals   to   colonies with non-reproductive castes

8.   Primate societies
to   Human societies with language, enabling memes

Maynard Smith and Szathmary identified several properties common to the transitions:

1.   Smaller entities have often come about together to form larger entities. e.g. Chromosomes, eukaryotes, sex multicellular colonies.
2.   Smaller entities often become differentiated as part of a larger entity. e.g. DNA & protein, organelles, anisogamy, tissues, castes
3.   The smaller entities are often unable to replicate in the absence of the larger entity. e.g. Organelles, tissues, castes
4.   The smaller entities can sometimes disrupt the development of the larger entity e.g. Meiotic drive (selfish non-Mendelian genes), parthenogenesis, cancers, coup d’état
5.   New ways of transmitting information have arisen.e.g. DNA-protein, cell heredity, epigenesis, universal grammar.

[Boreas]

Volvox - proto-life.







These photographs were taken with the Leitz Othomat camera which is attached to the Orthoplan microscope. Photograph (a) was taken with a X10 objective with a darkfield condenser in place. Photograph (b) is a medium power photograph of the edge of the coenobium showing individual cells and also newly forming daughter colonies . The last picture is a low power photograph taken in bright field showing the numerous daughter colonies that are forming.



This photograph was taken with an X40 DIC objective and shows the sperm packets of the Volvox aureus. These sperm packets will eventually swim away and make a hole in a female colony, where they will break up into individuals and go on to fertilise the Volvox egg cells. The zygotes that form are thick walled and have a spiny coat.


http://www.btinternet.com/~stephen.durr/volvoxtwo.html

[BlueHue]

Pangaea, the most recent supercontinent, existed from 300 to 180 million years ago. The outlines of the modern continents and other land masses are indicated on this map.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_earth

DEAR ---Rebecca,

Origins are clouded in the mists of time, my contentiomn is thatr the Big bang is a mistake for another "Bang" let me explain,

The theory of R.Lyttleton( 1936.) in short is:  That the Solarsystem was originally a binary system, but the mirror binary exploded because of a collision with the passing star Sirius.

It fragmented into 5 Gas-Giants, the 5-th gas giant came too close to the sun  and exploded in it's turn these are TWO possible "Big Bangs"the background radiation must thus have come from this last: "Little" Bang.

Earth contains Gashydrants as well as Uranium which only are formed during a Nova explosion, i think not even the Sun has Gashydrants and Uranium other than traces from -captured-passing Comets that carried them.)

Consequently the ( 3)Rocky-Planets the asteroiids the moonlett and the Moon & Mercury must once have formed the Core of that 5-th Gas-Giant.

Brcause this Gas-explosion must have sent this 5-th Giant to outer Space away from the Sun, it's fragments were likly captured by Planet Jupiter, who thus also had the early Earth orbiting it and so All life on Earth and Earth itselve have evolved while orbiting Jupiter, much like this vulcanic Planet Io does today.

The reason for pangea is that like Earth's moon the Iron Core was attracted by the bigger Planet so to stay in Equilibrium the lighter rocks had to counter-balance this gravity and became "Pangea"

In historical times, the egyptians and greeks could describe as eye-whitnesses the evolution of these Planets and The Myths and Grimm's Fairytales are not only about Kings Turned Gods but also about the Celestial changes.

I am investigating this on the long run.   Sincerely "BlueHue" [/color] <

[Majeston]

I am investigating this on the long run.   Sincerely "BlueHue" [/color] < 

You keep right on investigating BlueHue.

Littleton's theory actually is a Grimm's fairy tale.


http://atlantisonline.smfforfree2.com/index.php/topic,421.0.html

[BlueHue]

[quote author=19Merlin69 link=topic=580.msg5546#msg5546 date=1174244798]The gravitation squeeze that the planet applies to the center holds all of the mass tightly intact, but if it were to disappear, the core would be found to be liquid.  This only makes sense considering the massive pressures and temperatures at play. 

2)  The idea that "cometary bombardment during the early history of the planet played a role in the formation of the oceans," is a theory.

3)  As for the text that says, "Long term periodic changes in the orbit of the planet are believed to have caused the ice ages that have covered significant portions of the surface in glacial sheets," I am confused.  Ice was not supposed to be a factor


4)  The solar nebula itself was formed from the remnants of a prior resident that went nova; this is evidenced by the presence of heavy elements in the outer regions and predominance of them in the mantles of the rock planets.  The nebula itself may have already had a fair degree of angular momentum, causing it to rotate. 

to say that a close proximity disturbance (neighborhood super nova) did not occur - it does not require it.  Conservation of angular momentum does not explain the whole picture though.  Perturbations and condensation would have had to have occurred in order for planetessimals to develop from the protoplanetary disk. 

All-in-all, the evolution of a solar system is quite complex, but relatively lock-step as far as theory goes.  There are no models that predict that a first generation star (star formed

explain the rapid demise of its early caustic one and subsequent replacement with an oxygen/nitrogen rich one.

5)  Moon formation is still up in the air as far as most scientists are concerned.  There are a number of reasons to suspect that the moon itself is made up of material from the Earth, just as there are an equal number to suspect that it arose from the protodisk.  There is also a fair amount of evidence to suspect that it is a captured object that collided with the planet.  Computer models have been successfully performed that prove all three hypotheses. 

  If I had my druthers, from the chemical anaylses of the volcanic material returned from the moon - I would bet on an early collision between the Earth and another (smaller) "proto-planet"(counterbalanced by moon).  It also explaines why the planet is tilted, but does not oscillate - only wobbles...  My very thoughts !


I hope this has been helpful.

[/quote]

Well done, DEAR,. . . 19 MERYLIN 69 [/size]

Would You like to view my Chronology Timeline ? of TWO world Tsunamies caused by Close approximity of a "Comet" ?  ( not very-professional ofcourse. )

For what it is worth I am a full Digibite Person I cannot join Cyphers, so I tend to view the Forming of the Solarsystem in an even  much simpler way < By Mythology.

Originally Only the egyptians had a leisure Civilisation with the Nile Automatically watering it's fertile banks whilst most other ( Flat mountain or riverdwellers had to irrigate it by hand very time consuming,

So not outof pride or prejuice but the Egyptians had the oldest written documented civilisation, all the Other civilisations have been individualised "Spinn-offs"from the parent Egyptian one.

ABOUT THE ORIGIN OF THIS SOLAR SYSTEM,

Be assured that the occurrence of Earth as  a Habital Planet is by accident, when God created men she was joking.  PARDON me maa'm, for not expressing myself in the required Astrophysical JARGON further-on,

One Forummember mentioned the Solar-Theory of Dr R.Lyttleton ( 1936) copied by Hoyle & othersa Grimm Fairytale.  It tries to explain that the Sun was oiriginally an equal mirror-ed-BinaryStar, that was Stable rotating on a central gravity point.

The passingby other Star named Sirius was the Culprit that blasted away this companion Sun, which exploded and this resulted in the FORMATION of FiVE, full flung GAS-Gaints, of which nr 5 lingered too close to the Sun and Re-Exploded which formed the Rocky-Cory Planets: MARS Earth Venus which thus were the part of the Core of the Fifth Ex-GAS-GIANT

The blast may have sent these Rocky planets in orbit around the 4-th GAS-Giant the Planet JUPITER.  The socalled Backgroundradiation ( from the creation of the"Universe"is thus a whishfull  overstatement.)must thus have originated from this last"Small"BANG.

It is thus my contention that the pair:  Mars & Earth equally big,  as a boiling waterplanets
Orbited around Jupiter much like Planet IO does today, but at a further distance.

The evolution of Earth and its inhabitants occured while in Orbit around Jupiter.  This hypothesis/ discovery must have had a recorded inpact on Eaths'formingand may explain certain phenomena such as Years with 400 days sunshine.

Immagine how the climate on Earth should have evolved with Jupiter as a Guest inbetween Eart's Atmosphere and intervening with the Sunlight, a comuter-model with the differnd revolutions and orbits would be very enlightning and worth a sponsored Reaseach Programm into this possible Past.

It may be that PANGEA, was formed during Eart's jupiter orbit so that it might have behaved like the Moon with the difference that it was more liquid so that the Iron Core was attracted by Jupiter and the Liquid envellope by the more distant Sun, Jupiter may have given off more Heat than the Sun, so that the interaction of Frosted water at the Sunny Side and the heated Earth at the Jupiterside may have caused only a small equatorial band to be habitable on the entyre Planet, this should be tracable by Fossile finds in Long bands on prtesent Earth.

My Contention is thus, that this Jupiter orbiting condition of Planet Earth and Mars perpetuated until 1075bc or perhaps even as late as: 855 bc.

The Cult of the Egyptian God Amun and his One All seeing EYE may have been based on the revolving Giant Red SPOT, with its ondulations as the Eye-brows.

Planet Venus must have exploded and sent into space in a Hyperbolic trajectory-way, so that it took 1.mmilion yeras to return to it's spot of origin. and when it did the Egyptian Astronomers saw it hapening.

In The Mother-Goose & Grimm Fairytale, Snowwhite came to the House of the SEVEN :"Dwarfs"( Now I think i don't have to tell what that means ?? in astronomical terms: The wandering Planet Venus was captured by the Solarsystem, went through all the Gas-Planetary Envellopes("She slept in their Beddings">)and ended up ad a blacksmoldering snake in the Sun's orbit.

She also Drank from the Cups of the Dwarfs apparently"Reducing their sizes or their Admosphere making the Gasses IMPLODE into Gashydrant Iron Cores.

"SHE"also ate from their Plates( Maybe these"Dwarfs"or Demiurges, had rich food on their:"Plates")Like Hörbiger suggested also for the Moon, Mars & Earth.

Anyway the Egyptians named Planet MARS:"OSIRIS"or "The OLD-RED-HORUS".and the Greeks(= Hyksoss/Hindu.) named Planet Mars(= from etruscan MARIS=SEA.)thus POSEIDON, maybe there were already Vulcanic Isletops visible in Mars/Poseidons Surface, anyway theoretically shew must have been a highly reflective Planet, refelcting the Sun and the red Bands of Planet Jupiter thus quite resembling the Renaissance( manieristic-painted) God"Mars"with his Golden Body-armor and red Mantle opposite the paler Goddess Artemis clad in Slivery shining  Armor

Myth has it that this returened Planet Venus became as Rhea the wife of Uranus & of her own son Cronus/Saturn. but as HERA she kept at a distance from Planet Jupiter which therefore kept his originally larger Size.

Yet Planet Venus also went through Jupiter'satmosphere she appraoched as Themis or Metis or DIONE and re emerged as Athena/Artemis/ Minerva perhaps only in 1250 bc,

But re-emerging out from the Giant-Red Spot surface, ( the other Atmospheric re-entries left a Greenish storm spot.) She collided with Planet Mars which suddenly lost it's seawater & vapour to the hot Venus surface.

From this real  planetary collision , resulted two minor offspring Planets: Moon or DIONE-Nyssos(= New-Dione.) and MERCURY or "Son-of-Mars".   Mercury is said to be the former Mars-iron Core covered with a flint of Silicium and Mars was Left Coreless as a silicium rock covered with a fineer of iron dust.  The Greeks Re-Named POSEIDON as ARES(= ARiD-one.)

Both Mercury and Moon had inherited Gashydrant cores from the"Poseidon & Venus Planets". and collided with each other, even Mars Collides with The Moon in thwe Fairytale of "Little red Ridinghood, which was the red hot Planet Venus and the Selena grandma Moon.

Once when Mars had collided with the Moon who was still in Orbit around Jupiter and his woodcutters(= the asteroïds !!)This Moon was jilted out of Jupiter's orbit into Earths Orbit but before doiing so ( for the First Time.)

I'd appriciate a comment despite your're exhausted from redacting the Earth Wikipedia Article !

Next Post is  Above;
ABOUT THE ORIGIN OF THE OCEANS: 

 Sincerely :"BlueHue" < <

[Majeston]

Continental Drift

"There is a curious parallel history between the histories of black holes and continental drift. Evidence for both was already non-ignorable by 1916, but both ideas were stopped in their tracks for half a centuryby a resistance bordering on the irrational...but [resistance to] both began to crumble around 1960." Werner Israel, quoted in K.S. Thorne (1994) Black Holes and Time Warps (Picador, London).

The Urantia Book states quite categorically that all land on earth was originally a single continent that subsequently broke up, commencing 750 million years ago (663), followed by a long period of continental drifting during which land bridges were repeatedly formed and broken.

Wegener's theory The idea of continental drift was mooted in the 19th century and first put forward as a comprehensive theory by Wegener in 1912. It was not well accepted, being classified as pseudoscience. For example Rollin T. Chamberlin wrote in 1928 just 6 years prior to receipt of the Urantia Papers: "Wegener's theory in general is of the foot-less type...It plays a game in which there are few restrictive rules..."

Chamberlin went on to list 18 points that he considered were destructive of the drift hypothesis, and actually began his book with, "Can we call geology a science when there exists such a difference of opinion in fundamental matters as to make it possible for such a theory as this to run wild?" The theory remained discredited in the opinion of most geologists until the 1960's. The story of the earlier conflict and later acceptance of continental drift has been recently recorded by science historian H.E. Le Grand (see ref.).

New Evidence

The change in attitude by geologists, particularly in America, was initiated by the careful bathymetric, paleomagnetic, and seismological surveys in the region of long mountain ranges on the ocean floors, such as the mid-Atlantic ridge that stretches from Iceland to Antarctica. During the 1960's, geophysical surveys of the ocean floor revealed that the rock from the earth's mantle is being melted, then forced upwards resulting in sea floor spreading. This upwelling would be expected to push the continents apart, and thus provided the missing evidence for a physical mechanism that could bring about continental drift. Gradually the term continental drift was replaced by a new terminology and today it is known universally as plate tectonics.

Against the current! The Urantia Papers that mention continental drift were presented in 1934, and published in book form in 1955. The writers of the Papers could not have been unaware of the very tenuous nature of the theory and would have known that it was held in disrepute by most American geologists. Hence, unless these writers had access to pre-existing knowledge, they would appear to have been doing a very foolish thing in going against strongly-held scientific opinion.

The Urantia Book is at variance with many published estimates of geological time, for instance for the Carboniferous and Devonian periods where the discrepancy may be about 100 million years. In some areas there is good agreement; for example the book (683) talks of the disappearance of land bridges between the Americas and Europe and Africa in the era between 160 and 170 million years ago, and an article in Scientific American, June, 1979, places this break at 165 million years ago. However land bridges connected these continents again at later times via Greenland, Iceland, and the Bering Strait and also connected South America to Australia via Antarctica, and directly to Africa (The Urantia Book, pp. 694, 695, 698; Scientific American, January 1983, p. 60).

Time of break-up of continents A most remarkable aspect of The Urantia Book account is the statement that the breakup of the supercontinent commenced 750 million years ago. Wegener placed it at 200 million years ago. The 1984 edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica's "Science and Technology" presented what was then purported to be an up-to-date series of maps depicting the progress of continental drift from 50 to 200 million years ago which is at variance with a similar portrayal in the April, 1985 issue of Scientific American by about 100 million years in aspects of the progression. Nevertheless, both versions still placed the commencement of continental drift in the vicinity of 200 to 250 million years ago.

Somewhere around 1980 some geologists were having a rethink about the commencement of continental drift, and in a book entitled Genesis, published in 1982, J. Gribbin reported the view that there may have been a pre-existing continent, Pangea 1, roughly 600 million years ago that had broken up into four new continents by about 450 million years ago, at the end of the Ordovician age. Then about 200 million years ago, the continents were thought to have converged to form Pangea 2, which quickly broke, first to Laurasia and Gondwanaland; further breakup then occurred at the end of the Cretaceous to give an appearance much like the present world. A different opinion was expressed in an article in Scientific American (1984) 250 (2), 41 which stated the view that a breakup occurred in late Ripherian times between 700 and 900 million years ago; but a 1987 article (Scientific American 256, 84) is more conservative and placed the breakup of Pangea 1 at somewhere near the beginning of the pre-Cambrian, in the order of 600 million years ago.

Addendum

The further development of the theory of continental drift is reviewed by I. W. D. Dalziel in Scientific American 272 (1) 28 (1995). The date proposed for the commencement of break-up of the first supercontinent is now estimated as 750 million years ago—the same as is given in The Urantia Book. Co-incidence, lucky guess, or something else???

REFERENCES:
The Urantia Book, p. 663;
Scientific American 250 (2), 41, 1984;
Scientific American 256 (4), 84, 1887;
H.E. Le Grand, Drifting Continents and Shifting Theories, 1988. (Cambridge University Press)

Continental Drift and Land Elevation

The Urantia Book account of the geological history of our planet tells us that, following the breakup of the supercontinent about 750 million years ago, there have been repeated cycles of land elevation and submergence. Between approximately 400 and 200 million years ago, the periodicity appears to average very roughly 25 million years, with periods of much more frequent cycling during the Carboniferous and Cretaceous periods. Changes in sea level have often been attributed to advance and retreat of the polar ice caps, but this would not appear to account for the movements described in The Urantia Book. More recently a mechanism has been proposed involving the accumulation of heat beneath the great land masses that is thought to cause the elevation, doming, and breakup of continents, and their subsequent rejoining. Although the concept has been put forward mainly to explain transverse movement, it also provides a physical mechanism that could account for the vertical movement described in The Urantia Book . The mechanism proposed indicates a relatively slow build up of heat, but the subsequent blow off can occur in a number of ways, hence considerable deviation from sine wave periodicity would be expected. This theory will be of interest to Urantia Book readers who have been puzzled by its account of the alternate elevation and depression of continents on such a large scale.

REFERENCE: "The Supercontinent Cycle" R.D. Nance et al. Scientific American 259(1), 44-51 (1988).

[BlueHue]

[quote author=BlueHue link=topic=580.msg12595#msg12595 Once when Mars had collided with the Moon who was still in Orbit around Jupiter and his woodcutters(= the asteroïds !!)This Moon was jilted out of Jupiter's orbit into Earths Orbit but before doÏng so ( for the First Time.)[/quote]

DEAR, . . 19 MERLIN69,

ABOUT THE ORIGIN OF THE OCEANS:

The second returned Moon, Hit Earth at the hardest spot at Antartica which cracked and split open the Earth's Early Ocean Rivers which we now call MID Ocean Ridges.  The sysytem by which their origin or Time of formation was reseached must be faulty naming the Epoch Eocene or Pliocene, because their formation was in the Neocene or Quartair to be precicely in 1075 bc.

According to the Egyptians and the Rig-Veda's it was this year in which the Moutainrange of the Hymalayans rose, which also was dated at the Eocene ploiceone olichocene Period, mainly because sicnce 1075, most later THETIS-Oceanic silt deposits had been eroded"Back"into the now"Arab-Sea".

The main Sea-levelrise over tha past 10.000 odd years was in total 150 meters but the distribution made iut possible to pinpoint  and Date the external or traumatic Catartroph of TWO Tsunamies.( of 1075 & 855 bc.)

Main Sea-level rise from 10.000 until 855 bc was a mere 100 meter( as a Analphabetic for cyphers, I ignore howmuch that is per Century.) But inbetween 855 bc and 755 bc mean SealLevel rise was a giant 50 meters in ONECentury, whilst everywher Deserts were forming.

It is not difficult to guess what happened:

For the second time the MOON hit Erth now in 855 bc, when she was names Astargatis/ Astarte Inanna etc. Tia-Maat in Egypt. THEOMMA in Israel.

THIS time the Moon hit The Oceanbottom in HAWAII which sent a giant Tsunami over the Earth that ( Finally-)washed away Atlantis(= ADEN-Crater Kindom.) whioch is now under 50 meters of Löss Silt, washed from the now desert- mainland of the south Coast of Arabia/Yemen.

The former innerSeas or Mountain Seas that existed above Sealevel, all emptied in the DRY crevasses of the newly formed oceanic canyons, that consequently  because of their extremely young-PALEO-geological-age, have no or little silt in them, leving the original Seas on Earth Dry sandybottomed DESERTS.

The Egyptian astronomers saw it happen and recorded it, somehow the Nileregion survived this Tsunami onslaught perhaps because  the moving silt fell in the Nile crevasse which created hudge piles of Dust in the air to which the Amun priestsrefered whilst naming the Pharaoh ACHNATON a criminal of the MOON-God

The Moon approaching Earth was recorded in the Gravetomb -walls of the El-Amarna period, where the Moon has a tale and spouts yellow collored flames.

Some scholars call this Moon errroneously The SUNDiSK. which it was not The Greeks thus called it the Snakeboddied PHaeton or Typhon or Python or the Hittite Dragon ILLUYANKA, other DUMMUZZI or TAMMUZ

Anyway when this( innercent) Moon that was captured by Earth hit Hawaii it bounced back covered with ( boiling-)SEA-Foam and she was renamed frtom Dionyssos:"AFRODITE"that is"Born from the Sea-Foam".  Again Some Scholars think that She was born emerging from the INDIAN Ocean or the"World-Ocean"but it was clearly somehwhat further away from that Part or perhaps it must have bounched twice which is unlikely for losing escape momentum.

In the FAIRYTALE version this" Moon"is named Zeke Wolf, who wanted to enter through the chimney of the Three Pig's house but was waited upon by a bathtub of hot boiling water.

These Three( Little) Pigss are symbolic for the three Parts of Atlantis; in East-Africa, South-Arabia & South india which comprized the 3rd priestly part of the Twin-land Union-monarchy of Egypt, that was kept "Unvisible fot TAX exemption purposes and was later only remembered as"AD-Latis(+ ADen, or Never-Never-Land.")

In the Egyptian Staterecords, the Greek Myths and The traditional Fairytales( of Mother Goose. from the Hindu"Epos PANTCHA_CHANTRA adapted by Charles Perrault in 1695.|)and even the common Bible there are plenty references thbat thes TWO Moon Bounces have really occured and are no Fib or Crap as most Forummembers have already expressed in their historical-chronlogy-ignorance, but they be forgivven I only stumbled upon it myself recently.

To give an example if the Bible is still regared as a semi-historical authority:
( I forget the Quotations.)  in Johannes on Patmos Revellations nr 21 a whole new world of Starsignes reemerged from the Cataclysm( of 855 bc.)

The shepherd of the Nightsky the Night Sun, the Prince of Darkness the Light-Angel Lucifer or Theos-=Phoros fell in discussion with Godand also fell to Earth from which he emerged from the other side -as-if-"Satan"had gone through a Hole-in-the-Earth, or through HADES/ADEN AMENTI which was Atlantis, and which therefore was named Taboo.

The inpact of the Moon on Earth's surface was not catastrophic for mankind buty most animals became extinct because of suffocation from the loosedned gasses from the Mountain Lakes and High mountain seas.  Recerntly in Africa in Congo gasses from a mountainlake where an oilexploration rig was placed,  became  imballanced and the emerging gasses suffocated killed a healthy village, the same processe occured all over Earth notably in Siberia where heallthy  Elephants were suffocated by Methane gasses from riverbanks.

If man has massively suffocated around the year 855 bc we don't knoe for sure, or apparently  human kind did not linger arounn welwatered places at that time as crop growers they were safare from methane gaz-suffocation than wetland cattleowners.

After it's stabilisation in Earth's orbit the Moon if it were closer that today has cared for the Seatides,but as time goes by both Earth and Moon have degassed or shrunk by oxidation, and that is the only reason why the Moon is sarting to widen it's orbit around Earth which freed from it's brake on it's revolution of 350 days in a year before 855 bc, now speede-up to 365 days in a year, ofcourse it could also mean that we tend to widen us away from the Sun ourselves.

Global warming is a political thing because if the Earth is scorging days-over the same surface is freezing at Nights, because some how mysteriously there is no medium to keep the warth of the Day Sun poreserved for the nightside of Earth., or there is no Night-Sun aviable anymory called Planet Jupiter. . .

A Solution of Global warming may be to re-SIPHON the SEA-Water back into it's former source the Deserts, so that the Moist and vapour may recreate natural rain there.  By syphoning seawater into unihabited desert tracts we may lower Sealevel  and save Wetlands, elsewhere.  in theory syphoning can be done at lower costs than redistilling Seawater to sweetwater.

Well this is in short my"Traditional"view of the recent changes in the Solar-system seen by man in historical times but pushed back in stratigraphical silt-chronology by paleo-marine-scientists ,millions of non-existing-years.

Even the finds of human fossils in the Kenian Olduval valley by the Archaeological LEAKY-FAMILY may have been dated too old, when the Moon Craed earth open in 1075 bc the skeleton/fossiles on top may have accidentally fallen to a lower strata and thus chronologically mis-interpreted.

The quartenary silt layers that once covered the indian Hymalayans are now washed by centuries at the bottom of the Indus Silt-Cone in the Aran Sea. which made dating the remaining uplift very difficult.

Likewise the dationg of the bottoms of impactgcraters is also very difficult as quarternary layers upon which impacctcraters fell may have been blown away or eroded so that it seemed that the Impact Crater was millions of yers older than in reality.

Proof of the Saudi-Arabian Desert having been an inner SEA upon which the Phoeniciansfared before the desert seccation of the Moon impact-year: 855 bc
are present the many 100 meter meteorite impacts visible sticking out of seasand, ( that were named"Mars"Maruts"retinue in the Bible.) in the Rub-Al-Chali and SHAMMAR & NEDZD Deserts, are evidence that they must have met with waterlakes at the moment of Impact.

Lateron when the innerSeas had dried the Punicians named the Camel their new Ships -of-the-Desert, and had to relearn how to navigate at high Seas

The best known seavoyages from antiquity exxcept from Hanno in 600 bc, were those of ODYSSEUS and his contemporaries the ARGONAUTES around the years of the Greek CATACLYSM or jewish APocalypse or Great Tsunami of 855 bc.


The Horses of Poseidon were warning mankind kindly for this upcomming Event of this World Tsunami of 855 bc by whailing loudly like stantor and trumpettering but mankind misunderstood this warnings as conjurers of evil and demonised the white Elephant into a black horned Satan with Poseidons Trident as a walking stick.  Ganeesha was mugged & beheadded and lost one
tooth supposedly for his   transition to the Ibis-God Thoth who used an ivory stick( not a birds feather)to wrote on the names of the Dead

The most sad thing is that the most intelligent beast on Earths in which God's immage we are supposed to have been molded is the Elephant  this Steed of Poseidon or ( Sea-)Horse of Poseidon or Hippocampus of Poseidon was blamed for the Tsunami of 855 bc and all White Elephants living in Arabia were killed out of fear, some could escape and became extinct in Hindu-India.

I hope that this helped out a bit too in understanding the history of Atlantis.

Bianca deemed this "Cluttered Crap" but maybe that's what she would say of all lengthy prose.

Sincerely "  " BlueHue "  


PS,
  I see that the original Person that I posted to : 19Merlin69, has not aswered yet and another > MAJESTON,the fallen Archangel whocaused the Continetal Drift,)is interviening with his Urantia book explanation, about Continental Drift and Black Holes,

I was just explaining that the Continents did not drift, by the buoyance of themselves, but by the Moon's fall,  as such they were dry apart from a trickle "Cracked" apart by the passing Moon, in Greece this catastrophic Event is still memmorized at EASTER by the Cracking of fresh eggs and see which one stayed whole.

[19Merlin69]

Blue Hue

I'm reading and following along.  I'm enjoying myself whilst I lie low. 
I like to do that every now and then just to see how the conversation ebbs and flows without me.
Keep going - you're doing fine.

 

[BlueHue]

DEAR ---MERyLIN,

Origin of the MOON & Mercury are in Mythology NOT that "Uncertain, they mean Daughter of VENUS & Son of (Planet) MARS.

MARS used to be a WATER=PLANeT called THUS: poseidon BY THE gREEKS, BUT AFTER AN eNCOUNTER WITH pLANET/ COMET-Venus PLANET Poseidon , lost its marbles and it's Water content, of which Myth has it thatin 855 bc,  part of it fell on Earth and raised the SEA-Levels.  Other Scientists argue that all mars water is contained in Saturn's icy-rings

After Planet Poseidon was dried up the Greeks re-named him ARES, from : Airid.
Ofcourse astrophysicists take the Myth of the Cedslestial Planet families for Crab as unscientific, but in their"Ivory Tower"they forget tyhat during Planetary cfollisions the art of Astrophysics was not invented Yet so in exchange the Ancients describing Celestial changes had to employ "Other alternative"Means to air the Story of Planetary Collisions which obviously don't"Qualify"as evidence for the conceited modern astronomers.

All "Classical"Grimms Tales and Mother Goose Stories(= From Egypt & India !!) are Planetary Collission Sagas, in which the BIT-Players are easily recognizable.

Sincerely, Life is sad "BlueHue" =