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First Inhabitants Of Caribbean Brought Drug Heirlooms With Them - UPDATE

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Bianca
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« on: December 06, 2008, 08:26:39 pm »



Examples of inhaling bowls that were likely used for the ingestion of hallucinogenic substances.

(Credit:
Image courtesy of

Dr. Scott M. Fitzpatrick,
Department of Sociology & Anthropology,
NC State University)
« Last Edit: December 23, 2008, 10:56:26 pm by Bianca » Report Spam   Logged

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Bianca
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« Reply #1 on: December 06, 2008, 08:31:33 pm »









                          First Inhabitants Of Caribbean Brought Drug Heirlooms With Them






ScienceDaily
(Oct. 25, 2008)

— A new study led by North Carolina State University's Dr. Scott Fitzpatrick is the first to show physical evidence that the people who colonized the Caribbean from South America brought with them heirloom drug paraphernalia that had been passed down from generation to generation as the colonists traveled through the islands.

The research team used a dating technique called luminescence to determine the age of several artifacts found on the Caribbean island of Carriacou, in the West Indies, and discovered that the items dated back to between roughly 400 and 100 B.C. These dates are well before Carriacou was colonized in approximately A.D. 400. Luminescence testing involves heating a substance and measuring the amount of light it gives off to determine how long ago it was last heated.

Heirlooms are portable objects that are inherited by family members and kept in circulation for generations, Fitzpatrick says, and are frequently part of important rituals. The objects tested for this study are ceramic inhaling bowls that were likely used for the ingestion of hallucinogenic substances. Fitzpatrick says the luminescence dates of the bowls, as well as analysis of the material from which the bowls were made, indicate that the artifacts "appear to have been transported to Carriacou when it was colonized – possibly hundreds of years after they were made."

Fitzpatrick, an assistant professor of anthropology at NC State, says scholars have long thought that the people who settled the Caribbean islands likely brought heirlooms with them – but says the bowls "are the first physical evidence we've found to support that claim."


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------



Journal reference:

Fitzpatrick et al. Evidence for inter-island transport of heirlooms: luminescence dating and petrographic analysis of ceramic inhaling bowls from Carriacou, West Indies. Journal of Archaeological Science, October 2008; DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2008.08.007
Adapted from materials provided by North Carolina State University.

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http://www.sciencedaily.com­ /releases/2008/10/081020093410.htm
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Bianca
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« Reply #2 on: December 23, 2008, 10:58:30 pm »









                                  Ancient Family Heirlooms Used to Snort Hallucinogens






Stephan Reebs
natural History Magazine
livescience.com –
Tue Dec 23, 2008

Inhaling bowls - shallow vessels with two adjacent spouts - are artifacts found on many Caribbean islands. Early Amerindians probably used them to snort hallucinogens, liquid or powdered, through
the nose.

Now ponder this. Three inhaling bowls unearthed on the island of Carriacou, near Grenada in the Antilles, were made around 400 B.C., according to an analysis of radioactive isotopes conducted by Scott M. Fitzpatrick of North Carolina State University in Raleigh and several colleagues. Yet Carriacou was first settled 800 years later, around A.D. 400. Moreover, one of the bowls was found among archaeological deposits dating from about A.D. 1000. And the mineral content of the bowls indicates that they probably weren't manufactured on Carriacou.

So the bowls must have come from another island - one possibility is Puerto Rico, 465 miles away, where other bowls of similar antiquity have been discovered. And they must have been kept around for at least eight, if not 14 centuries.

What could account for such endurance? The bowls were not buried in the manner of ritual offerings. Fitzpatrick thinks they were probably passed on from generation to generation as useful or treasured heirlooms.



The findings were detailed in the Journal of Archaeological Science.
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