Secret Of The Sweet-Sounding Stradivarius:
Wood Density Explains Sound Quality Of Great Master Violins
ScienceDaily
(July 2, 2008) —
The advantage of using medical equipment to study classical musical instruments has been proven
by a Dutch researcher from the Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC). In collaboration with a re-
nowned luthier, Dr. Berend Stoel put classical violins, including several made by Stradivarius, in a
CT scanner. The homogeneity in the densities of the wood from which the classical violins are made,
in marked contrast to the modern violins studied, may very well explain their superior sound production.
Experts are fascinated by the fact that classical Cremonese violins from the famous masters such
as Stradivari (1644 -- 1737) and Guarneri del Gesu (1698 -- 1744) are still unparalleled in their abili-
ties of tonal expressiveness and projection. 300 years of technological advancement has not provided
substantial improvements towards paralleling the achievements of the classical Cremonese violin makers.
It is obvious to look for clues in the material properties of the wood from which these violins are made, however until now it was impossible to study this without risk of damage to these instruments, each valued at several million dollars.
A unique collaboration between the Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) in the Netherlands and Terry Borman, luthier in the United States, led to new insights. Previously, at the Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Dr. Stoel developed a computer program, in collaboration with pulmonologist Dr. Jan Stolk, that calculates lung densities in emphysema patients from Computed Tomographic (CT) scans, in order to demonstrate the efficacy of certain medical treatments.
Based on his knowledge of measuring lung densities non-invasively, Dr. Stoel designed a new computer program
to study wood densities from CT scans. Subsequently, he and Terry Borman scanned in New York five Cremonese and seven contemporary violins at Mount SinaiHospital, and analyzed the wood densities.
The average wood density of the classical and modern violins did not differ significantly. However,
the differences in wood density between early and late growth were significantly lower in the ancient violins.
Since differentials in wood density impact vibrational efficacy and thereby the production of sound,
it is possible that this discovery may explain the superiority of these violins. This insight offers new possibilities
into replicating the tonal qualities of these ancient instruments, as the researchers con-
clude in PLoS ONE.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Journal reference:
Stoel BC, Borman TM. A Comparison of Wood Density between Classical Cremonese and Modern Violins.
PLoS One, 3(7): e2554 [link]
Adapted from materials provided by Public Library of Science, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.
Email or share this story:
Need to cite this story in your essay, paper, or report? Use one of the following formats:
APA
MLA Public Library of Science (2008, July 2). Secret Of The Sweet-Sounding Stradivarius: Wood Density Explains Sound Quality Of Great Master Violins. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 23, 2008, from
http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2008/07/080701221447.htm
