GIGANTOMACHY

[Crystal Thielkien]

TYPHOEUS was a monstrous immortal GIANT who was defeated and imprisoned beneath Mount Aitna by Zeus.
He was so large that his head was said to brush the stars. Typhoeus appeared human down to the thighs, but had two coiled vipers in place of legs with hissing serpentine heads. Attached to his hands in place of fingers were a hundred serpent heads, fifty each hand. He was winged, with dirty matted hair and beard, pointed ears, and eyes flashing fire.
Some said he had two hundred hands each with fifty serpernts for fingers and a hundred heads, one in human form with the rest being heads of bulls, boars, serpents, lions and leopards.

This volcano-daimon hurled red-hot rocks at the sky and from his mouth boiled forth great storms of fire.

Parents

(1) TARTAROS & GAIA (Theogony 820, Apollodorus 1.39, Hyginus Pref)
(2) HERA (Homeric Hymns 3.300, Greek Lyric III Stesichorus Frag 239)
(3) GAIA (Aeschylus Prometheus 3.53 & Seven 516, Antoninus Liberalis 28, Metamorphoses 5.324, Dionysiaca 1.145)
(4) TARTAROS & TARTARA (Hyginus Fab 152)

Offspring

(1) ORTHOS, KERBEROS, HYDRA, KHIMAIRA (by Ekhidna) (Theogony 306)
(2) THE ANEMOI (Theogony 869)
(3) KHIMAIRA, NEMEIAN LION, ORTHOS, LADON, KAUKASIAN EAGLE, SPHINX, PHAIA (Apollodorus 2.31 & 2.74 & 2.106 & 2.113 & 2.119 & 3.52 & E1.1)
(4) KHOLKIAN DRAKON (Argonautica 2.1210)
(5) KERBEROS, ORTHOS (by Ekhidna) (Quintus Smyrnaeus 6.260)
(6) THE DRAKONES TROIADES (Quintus Smyrnaeus 12.444)
(7) GORGON, KERBEROS, KHOLKIAN DRAKON, SKYLLA, KHIMAIRA, SPHINX, HYDRA, LADON (Hyginus Pref & Fab 151)
( THE HARPYIAI (Valerius Flaccus 4.514)
http://66.90.77.92/Tartaros/Typhoios.html

[Crystal Thielkien]

"Now after Zeus had driven the Titanes out of heaven, gigantic Gaia, in love with Tartaros, by means of golden Aphrodite, bore the youngest of her children, Typhoeus; the hands and arms of him are mighty, and have work in them, and the feet of the powerful god were tireless, and up from his shoulders there grew a hundred snake heads, those of a dreaded drakon, and the heads licked with dark tongues, and from the eyes on the inhuman heads fire glittered from under the eyelids: from all his heads fire flared from his eyes' glancing; and inside each one of these horrible heads there were voices that threw out every sort of horrible sound, for sometimes it was speech such as the gods could understand, but at other times, the sound of a bellowing bull, proud-eyed and furious beyond holding, or again like a lion shameless in cruelty, or again it was like the barking of dogs, a wonder to listen to, or again he would whistle so the tall mountains re-echoed to it.
And now that day there would have been done a thing past mending, and he, Typhoeus, would have been master of gods and of mortals, had not the father of gods and men been sharp to perceive it and gave a hard, heavy clap of thunder, so that the earth gave grisly reverberation, and the wide heaven above, and the sea, and the streams of Okeanos, and the underground chambers. And great Olympos was shaken under the immortal feet of the master as he moved, and the earth groaned beneath him, and the heat and blaze from both of them was on the dark-faced sea, from the thunder and lightning of Zeus and from the flame of the monster, from his blazing bolts and from the scorch and breath of his stormwinds, and all the ground and the sky and the sea boiled, and towering waves were tossing and beating all up and down the promontories in the wind of these immortals, and a great shaking of the earth came on, and Hades, lord over the perished dead, trembled, and the Titanes under Tartaros, who live beside Kronos, trembled to the dread encounter and the unending clamour.
But now, when Zeus had headed up his own strength, seizing his weapons, thunder, lightning, and the glowering thunderbolt, he made a leap from Olympos, and struck, setting fire to all those wonderful heads set about on the dreaded monster. Then, when Zeus had put him down with his strokes, Typhoeus crashed, crippled, and the gigantic earth groaned beneath him, and the flame from the great lord so thunder-smitten ran out along the darkening and steep forests of the mountains as he was struck, and a great part of the gigantic earth burned in the wonderful wind of his heat, and melted, as tin melts in the heat of the carefully grooved crucible when craftsmen work it, or as iron, though that is the strongest substance, melts under stress of blazing fire in the mountain forests worked by handicraft of Hephaistos inside the divine earth. So earth melted in the flash of the blazing fire; but Zeus in tumult of anger cast Typhoeus into broad Tartaros.
And from Typhoeus comes the force of winds blowing wetly." -Theogony 820-869
"They say that Typhaon, the terrible, violent and lawless, was joined in love with this girl of the glancing eyes [Ekhidna], and she conceiving bore children to him, with hard tempers." -Theogony 306-308

"The ground echoed under them, as if Zeus who delights in thunder were angry, as when he batters the earth about Typhoios, in the land of the Arimoi, where they say Typhoeus lies prostrate." -Iliad 2.780-783

"She [Python] it was who once received from gold-throned Hera and brought up fell, cruel Typhaon to be a plague to men. Once on a time Hera bare him because she was angry with father Zeus, when Kronides bare all-glorious Athene in his head. Thereupon queenly Hera was angry and spoke among the assembled gods: ' .. Yes, now I will contrive that a son be born me to be foremost among the undying gods - and that without casting shame on the holy bond of wedlock between you and me. And I will not come to your bed, but will consort with the blessed gods far off from you.'
When she had so spoken, she went apart from the gods, being very angry. Then straightway large-eyed queenly Hera prayed, striking the ground flatwise with her hand, and speaking thus: 'Hear now, I pray, Gaia and wide Ouranos above, and you Titanes gods who dwell beneath the earth about great Tartaros, and from whom are sprung both gods and men! Harken you now to me, one and all, and grant that I may bear a child apart from Zeus, no wit lesser than him in strength - nay, let him be as much stronger than Zeus as all-seeing Zeus than Kronos.'
Thus she cried and lashed the earth with her strong hand. Then the life-giving Earth was moved: and when Hera saw it she was glad in heart, for she thought her prayer would be fulfilled. And thereafter she never came to the bed of wise Zeus for a full year .. But when the months and days were fulfilled and the seasons duly came on as the earth moved round, she bare one neither like the gods nor mortal men, fell, cruel Typhaon, to be a plague to men. Straightway large-eyed queenly Hera took him and bringing one evil thing to another such, gave him to the drakaina; and she received him. And this Typhaon used to work great mischief among the famous tribes of men." -Homeric Hymns 3.300-355

"[Apollon to Python:] 'Against cruel death neither Typhoios shall avail you nor ill-famed Khimaira." -Homeric Hymns 3.365-367

"In the dust outstretched he lay, like Typhon, when the bolts of Zeus had blasted him." -Quintus Smyrnaeus 5.484

"Kerberus, whom Ekhidna (the Loathly Worm) had borne to Typhon in a craggy cavern's gloom close on the borders of Eternal Night." -Quintus Smyrnaeus 6.260

"A cave there was, beneath a rugged cliff [near Troy] exceeding high, unscalable, wherein dwelt fearful monsters [the two Drakones of Troy] of the deadly brood of Typhon." -Quintus Smyrnaeus 12.444

“O son of Kronos, lord of Aitna, that windswept mount where Typhon the monster hundred-headed is held in thrall.” –Pindar Olympian 4 str1

"That enemy of the gods, who lies in fearsome Tartaros, Typhon the hundred-headed, who long since was bred in the far-famed Kilikian cave. Today the cliffs that bar the sea o'er Kumai and Sikilia's isle, press heavy on his shaggy breast, and that tall pillar rising to the height of heaven, contains him close - Aitna the white-clad summit, nursing through all the year her frozen snows. From the dark depths below she flings aloft fountains of purest fires, that no foot can approach. In the broad light of day rivers of glowing smoke pour forth a lurid stream, and in the dark a red and rolling flood tumbles down the boulders to the deep sea's plain in riotous clatter. These dread flames that creeping monster sends aloft, a marvel to look on, and a wondrous tale even to hear, from those whose eyes have seen it. Such is the being bound between the peaks of Aitna in her blackened leaves and the flat plain, while all his back is torn and scarred by the rough couch on which he lies outstretched." -Pindar Pythian 1 Ep1-Ant2

"But violence brings to ruin even the boastful hard-heart soon or late. Kilikian Typhon of the hundred heads could not escape his fate." -Pindar Pythian 8 Ep1

[Etymologicum Genuinum:] 'Typhoios: Hesiod makes him son of Gaia, Stesichorus son of Hera, who bore him without a father in order to spite Zeus.' -Greek Lyric III Stesichorus Frag 239

“The coiling of Typhon.” –Greek Lyric V Anonymous Fragments 931M (Oxyrhynchus papyrus)

"Typhon, that earth-born destroying giant, the hundred-headed, native of the Kilikian caves; I [Prometheus] saw him, all his fiery strength subdued by force. Against the united gods he stood, his fearful jaws hissing forth terror; from his eyes a ghastly glare flashed, threatening to annihilate the throne of Zeus. But Zeus's sleepless weapon came on him; he felt the fiery vapour of the crashing thunderbolt, which blasted him out of his lofty boasts, and struck his very heart, and burnt his strength to sulphurous ash. Now, crushed under Mount Aitna's roots, near the sea-strait, he lies, a helpless sprawling hulk; while on the peak Hephaistos hammers red-hot iron; and thence one day rivers of flame shall burst forth, and with savage jaws devour the bright smooth fields of fertile Sikilia; such rage shall Typhon, though charred with the bolt of Zeus, send boiling out in jets of fierce, fire-breathing spume unquenchable." -Aeschylus Prometheus Bound 353-374

"And on their shields the gods whom they will match together are likewise enemies - one has Typhon breathing fire, while on Hyperbios' shield sits, unmoved, Father Zeus, the fire-bolt flaming in his hand. No man, I think, has seen Zeus worsted. Such are the gods who favour them; and we are with the winning, they the losing side, since in a battle Typhon has less strength than Zeus. If we may hope, with men thus matched, that victory will answer to their emblems, then Hyperbios will know that saving hand of Zeus whose shield he bears.
My faith is that the antagonist of Zeus, who bears on his shield the figure of Typhon the earth-born, the unloved, a picture hateful alike to unseen powers, to the human race, and to immortal gods - that there before our gates his head shall hit the dust." -Aeschylus Seven against Thebes 511-517

"The defeat of the Gigantes by the gods angered Ge all the more, so she had intercourse with Tartaros and bore Typhon in Kilikia. He was a mixture of man and beast, the largest and strongest of all Ge's children. Down to the thighs he was human in form, so large that he extended beyond all the mountains while his head often touched even the stars. One hand reached to the west, the other to the east, and attached to these were one hundred heads of serpents. Also from the thighs down he had great coils of vipers, which extended to the top of his head and hissed mightily. All of his body was winged, and the hair that flowed in the wind from his head and cheeks was matted and dirty. In his eyes flashed fire. Such were the appearance and the size of Typhon as he hurled red-hot rocks at the sky itself, and set out for it with mixed hisses and shouts, as a great storm of fire boiled forth from his mouth.
When the gods saw him rushing toward the sky, they headed for Aigyptos to escape him, and as he pursued them they changed themselves into animal shapes. But Zeus from a distance hurled thunderbolts at Typhon, and when he had drawn closer Zeus tried to strike him down with a sickle made of adamant. Typhon took flight, but Zeus stayed on his heels right up to Mount Kasium, which lies in Syria. Seeing that he was badly wounded, Zeus fell on him with his hands. But Typhon entwined the god and held him fast in his coils, and grabbing the sickle he cut out the sinews from Zeus' hands and feet. Then, placing Zeus up on his shoulders, he carried him across the sea to Kilikia, where he deposited him in the Korykian cave. He also hid away the sinews there in the skin of a bear, and posted as guard over them the drakaina Delphyne (a girl who was half animal). But Hermes and Aigipan stole back the sinews and succeeded in replanting them in Zeus without being seen. So Zeus, again possessed of his strength, suddenly appeared from the sky in a chariot drawn by winged horses, and with thunderbolts chased Typhon to the mountain called Nysa. There the Moirai deceived the pursued creature, for he ate some of the ephemeral fruit on Nysa after they had persuaded him that he would gain strength from it. Again pursued, he made his way to Thrace, where while fighting round Haimos he threw whole mountains at Zeus. But when these were pushed back upon him by the thunderbolt, a great quantity of his blood streamed out on the mountain, which allegedly is why the mountain is called Haimos. Then, as Typhon started to flee again through the Sikilian Sea, Zeus brought down Sikilia's Mount Aitna on him , a great mountain which they say still erupts fire from the thunderbolts thrown by Zeus." -Apollodorus 1.39-44

[Crystal Thielkien]

TALOS

Greek: TalwV Transliteration: Talôs Translation:
Latin Spelling: Talus

TALOS was a GIANT AUTOMATON which Zeus gave to his love Europa Queen of Krete.
He was given the task of patrolling the island of Krete and in his circuits drove pirates from its shores with volleys of stones.
Talos was slain by the magics of the witch Medea when the giant tried to prevent the Argonauts from landing on the island.

He was depicted as a handsome youth sculpted out of solid bronze.

Parents

(1) constructed by HEPHAISTOS (Apollodorus 1.140)
(2) The last of the bronze generation of men (Apollodorus 1.140, Argonautica 4.1638)


“After they [the Argonauts] left Anaphe they were prevented from landing at Krete by Talos. This creature some say was once of the bronze generation and was actually a bronze man; others hold that he was given to Minos by Hephaistos and was a bull. He had one blood vessel that extended from his neck down to his ankles, the lower end of which was held in place by a bronze stud. This Talos would run round the island rapidly three times a day as a security patrol, and in that capacity, when he saw the Argo sailing toward the shore, he threw stones at it. He died from the deceits of Medeia, who some say drove him mad with drugs; others allege that she promised to make him immortal and then removed the stud, so that his ichor all flowed out and he expired. Still others say that an arrow from Poeas in the ankle finished him.” –Apollodorus 1.140

“From that point they [the Argonauts] were to cross to Krete, the greatest island in the sea. But when they sought shelter in the haven of Dikte they were prevented from making fast to the shore by Talos, a bronze giant, who broke off lumps of rock from the cliff to hurl at them. A descendant of the brazen race that sprang from ash-trees, he had survived into the days of the demigods, and Zeus had given him to Europa to keep watch over Krete by running round the island on his bronze feet three times a day. His body and his limbs were brazen and invulnerable, except at one point: under a sinew by his ankle there was a blood-red vein protected only by a thin skin which to him meant life or death.
He terrified the Argonauts, and exhausted though they were they hastily backed water. Indeed, what with thirst and other pains, they would have been driven away from Krete in a sorry frame of mind, but for Medea, who stopped them as they turned the ship about.
‘Listen to me,’ she said. ‘I think that I and I alone can get the better of that man, whoever he may be, unless there is immortal life in that bronze body. All I ask of you is to stay here keeping the ship out of range of his rocks till I have brought him down.’
They took the ship out of range, as Medea had asked, and rested on their oars waiting to see what marvellous device she would employ. Medea went up on the deck. She covered both her cheeks with a fold of her purple mantle, and Iason led her by the hand as she passed across the benches. Then, with incantations, she invoked the Keres (Spirits of Death), the swift hounds of Hades who feed on souls and haunt the lower air to pounce on living men. She sank to her knees and called upon them, three times in song, three times with spoken prayers. She steeled herself of their malignity and bewitched the eyes of Talos with the evil in her own. She flung at him the full force of her malevolence, and in an ecstasy of rage she plied him with images of death.
Is it true then, Father Zeus, that people are not killed only by disease or wounds, but can be struck down by a distant enemy? The thought appals me. Yet it was thus that Talos, for all his brazen frame, was brought down by the force of Medea’s magic. He was hoisting up some heavy stones with which tow keep them from anchorage, when he grazed his ankle on a sharp rock and the ichor ran out of him like molten lead. He stood there for a short time, high on the jutting cliff. But even his strong legs could not support him long; he began to sway, all power went out of him, and he came down with a resounding crash. Thus a tall pine up in the hills is left half-felled by the woodman’s sharp axe when he goes home from the woods, but in the night is shaken by the wind, till at last it snaps off at the stump and crashes down.” –Argonautica 4.1638

Sources:

Apollodorus, The Library - Greek Mythography C2nd BC
Apollonius Rhodius, The Argonautica - Greek Epic C3rd BC

[Crystal Thielkien]

TALOS

Greek: TalwV Transliteration: Talôs Translation:
Latin Spelling: Talus

TALOS was a GIANT AUTOMATON which Zeus gave to his love Europa Queen of Krete.
He was given the task of patrolling the island of Krete and in his circuits drove pirates from its shores with volleys of stones.
Talos was slain by the magics of the witch Medea when the giant tried to prevent the Argonauts from landing on the island.

He was depicted as a handsome youth sculpted out of solid bronze.

Parents

(1) constructed by HEPHAISTOS (Apollodorus 1.140)
(2) The last of the bronze generation of men (Apollodorus 1.140, Argonautica 4.1638)


“After they [the Argonauts] left Anaphe they were prevented from landing at Krete by Talos. This creature some say was once of the bronze generation and was actually a bronze man; others hold that he was given to Minos by Hephaistos and was a bull. He had one blood vessel that extended from his neck down to his ankles, the lower end of which was held in place by a bronze stud. This Talos would run round the island rapidly three times a day as a security patrol, and in that capacity, when he saw the Argo sailing toward the shore, he threw stones at it. He died from the deceits of Medeia, who some say drove him mad with drugs; others allege that she promised to make him immortal and then removed the stud, so that his ichor all flowed out and he expired. Still others say that an arrow from Poeas in the ankle finished him.” –Apollodorus 1.140

“From that point they [the Argonauts] were to cross to Krete, the greatest island in the sea. But when they sought shelter in the haven of Dikte they were prevented from making fast to the shore by Talos, a bronze giant, who broke off lumps of rock from the cliff to hurl at them. A descendant of the brazen race that sprang from ash-trees, he had survived into the days of the demigods, and Zeus had given him to Europa to keep watch over Krete by running round the island on his bronze feet three times a day. His body and his limbs were brazen and invulnerable, except at one point: under a sinew by his ankle there was a blood-red vein protected only by a thin skin which to him meant life or death.
He terrified the Argonauts, and exhausted though they were they hastily backed water. Indeed, what with thirst and other pains, they would have been driven away from Krete in a sorry frame of mind, but for Medea, who stopped them as they turned the ship about.
‘Listen to me,’ she said. ‘I think that I and I alone can get the better of that man, whoever he may be, unless there is immortal life in that bronze body. All I ask of you is to stay here keeping the ship out of range of his rocks till I have brought him down.’
They took the ship out of range, as Medea had asked, and rested on their oars waiting to see what marvellous device she would employ. Medea went up on the deck. She covered both her cheeks with a fold of her purple mantle, and Iason led her by the hand as she passed across the benches. Then, with incantations, she invoked the Keres (Spirits of Death), the swift hounds of Hades who feed on souls and haunt the lower air to pounce on living men. She sank to her knees and called upon them, three times in song, three times with spoken prayers. She steeled herself of their malignity and bewitched the eyes of Talos with the evil in her own. She flung at him the full force of her malevolence, and in an ecstasy of rage she plied him with images of death.
Is it true then, Father Zeus, that people are not killed only by disease or wounds, but can be struck down by a distant enemy? The thought appals me. Yet it was thus that Talos, for all his brazen frame, was brought down by the force of Medea’s magic. He was hoisting up some heavy stones with which tow keep them from anchorage, when he grazed his ankle on a sharp rock and the ichor ran out of him like molten lead. He stood there for a short time, high on the jutting cliff. But even his strong legs could not support him long; he began to sway, all power went out of him, and he came down with a resounding crash. Thus a tall pine up in the hills is left half-felled by the woodman’s sharp axe when he goes home from the woods, but in the night is shaken by the wind, till at last it snaps off at the stump and crashes down.” –Argonautica 4.1638

Sources:

Apollodorus, The Library - Greek Mythography C2nd BC
Apollonius Rhodius, The Argonautica - Greek Epic C3rd BC

[Crystal Thielkien]

PLEIONE

Greek: Plhionh Transliteration: Plêionê Translation: Breeder of Many / Plenty
Other Names: Aiqra Transliteration: Aithra Bright sky
PLEIONE was an OKEANIS loved by Atlas. She was probably the personification of the blessing of many offspring - she had many daughters herself and her grandson was Hermes the god who multiplied the flocks.

Parents

(1) OKEANOS (Apollodorus 3.110; Hyginus Fab 192)
(2) OKEANOS & TETHYS (Ovid Fasti 5.79)

Offspring

(1) THE PLEIADES (by Atlas) (Apollodorus 3.110, Ovid Fasti 5.79)
(2) THE PLEIADES, THE HYADES, HYAS (by Atlas) (Hyginus Preface & Astronomica 2.21, Ovid Fasti 5.164)

"To Atlas and Okeanos' daughter were born (on Arkadian Kyllene) seven daughters called the Pleiades." -Apollodorus 3.110

"From Atlas and Pleione [were born]: Maia, Calypso, Alcyone, Merope, Electra, Celaeno." -Hyginus Preface

“The Pleiades were so named, according to Musaeaus, because fifteen daughters were born to Atlas and Aethra, daughter of Oceanus. Five of them are called Hyades ... their brother was Hyas ...
The remaining ten brooded over the death of their sisters, and brought death on themselves; because so may experienced the same grief, they were called Pleiades. Alexander says they were called Hyades because they were daughters of Hyas and Boeotia, Pleiades, because born of Pleio, daughter of Oceanus, and Atlas.
But ancient astronomers placed these Pleiades, daughters of Pleione and Atlas, as we have said, apart from the Bull. When Pleione once was travelling through Boeotia with her daughters, Orion, who was accompanying her, tried to attack her. She escaped, but Orion sought her for seven years and couldn’t find her. Jove [Zeus], pitying the girls, appointed a way to the stars.” –Hyginus Astronomica 2.21

"Atlantis Pleione’s grandson [Hermes son of Maia daughter of Pleione]." -Metamorphoses 2.750

“Titan Tethys was once married to Oceanus, whose translucent waters scarf the broad earth. Their child Pleione couples with sky-lifting Atlas – so the story is – and bears the Pleiades.” –Ovid Fasti 5.79

“[The Hyades] granddaughters of Tethys and old Oceanus. Atlas did not shoulder the load of Olympus yet, when lovely, eye-catching Hyas was born. Oceanus’ daughter, Aethra, bore him and the Nymphae in timely births, but Hyas was born first ... [Hyas] sought the lair and brood of the whelped lioness and was bloody prey to the Libyan beast. His mother sobbed for Hyas, his sad sisters sobbed and Atlas.” –Ovid Fasti 5.164

“I [Elektra] was ever born myself one of those Pleiades, seven girls whom our mother [Pleione] once carried under her heart in labour, seven times having called Eileithyia at her lying-in to lighten the pangs of birth after birth.” –Dionysiaca 3.330

Sources:

Apollodorus, The Library - Greek Mythography C2nd BC
Hyginus, Fabulae - Latin Mythography C2nd AD
Hyginus Astronomica - Latin Mythography C2nd AD
Ovid, Metamorphoses - Latin Epic C1st BC - C1st AD
Ovid, Fasti - Latin Epic C1st BC - C1st AD
Nonnos, Dionysiaca - Greek Epic C5th AD
.


PERIBOIA

Greek: Periboia Transliteration: Periboia Translation:

PERIBOIA was the OKEANIS-wife of the Titan Lelantos.

Parents

OKEANOS (Dionysiaca 48.264)

Offspring

AURA (by Lelantos) (Dionysiaca 48.264)

“The father of this stormfoot girl [Aura] was ancient Lelantos the Titan, who wedded Periboia, a daughter of Okeanos; a manlike maid she was, who knew nothing of Aphrodite." -Dionysiaca 48.264

Sources:

Nonnos, Dionysiaca - Greek Epic C5th AD
.


HESIONE

Greek: 'Hsionh Transliteration: Hêsionê Translation:

HESIONE was the OKEANIS wife of Prometheus.

Parents

OKEANOS & TETHYS (Aeschylus Prometheus Bound)

Offspring

DEUKALION (by Prometheus) (Tzetzes on Lycophron 1283; Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius 2.1086)

"The songs we [the Okeanides] sang to grace you [Prometheus'] marriage, the song for the bath and the song for the bed, when you wooed and won with gifts my sister Hesione for your wedded bride." -Aeschylus Prometheus Bound 557-560

Sources:

Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound - Greek Tragedy C6th-5th BC
.


ASIA

Greek: Asih Transliteration: Asiê Translation: Lady of Asia

ASIA was the an OKEANIS wife of Prometheus who, together with her husband, was responsible for the formulation of the human race from clay, first destroyed and then recovered. She gave her name to the continent of Asia and may have been leader of the Okeanides who carried rain to that continent.

Parents

OKEANOS & TETHYS (Theogony 359; Apollodorus 1.

Offspring

(1) ATLAS, PROMETHEUS, EPIMETHEUS, MENOITIOS (by Iapetos) (Apollodorus 1.
(2) PROMETHEUS, EPIMETHEUS (Lycophron 1282 & 1411)

"Asia [was named after the wife of Prometheus; yet the Lydians claim a share in the latter name, saying that Asia was not named after Prometheus' wife Asia, but after Asies, the son of Kotys, who was the son of Manes, and that from him the Asiad clan at Sardis also takes its name." -Herodotus 4.45.1

“The unhappy mother [Asia] of Prometheos.” –Lycophron 1282

“The mother of Epimetheos [her name was Asia, Lycophron is here referring to the continent named for her].” –Lycophron 1411

Sources:

Hesiod, Theogony - Greek Epic C8th-7th BC
Apollodorus, The Library - Greek Mythography C2nd BC
Herodotus, Histories - Greek History C5th BC
Lycophron, Alexandra - Greek C3rd BC
Women of Classical Mythology - English Encyclopedia of Mythology C20th AD
.


EUROPE

Greek: Eurwph Transliteration: Eurôpê Translation: Lady of Europe

EUROPE was one of the OKEANIDES who gave her name to the continent of Europe and may have been leader of the Okeanides who brought the rains to that continent.

Parents

OKEANOS & TETHYS (Theogony 357)

Sources:

Hesiod, Theogony - Greek Epic C8th-7th BC
.


LIBYE

Greek: Libuh Transliteration: Libyê Translation: Lady of Libya (Africa)

LIBYA was one of the OKEANIDES who gave her name to the continent of Libya (the ancient name for Africa) and may have been leader of the Okeanides who carried the infrequent rains to that continent.

Parents

OKEANOS (Tzetzes on Lycophron 1277)

Sources:

Women of Classical Mythology - English Encyclopedia of Mythology C20th AD
http://66.90.77.92/Okeanos/Pleione.htm#Europa